‘Taejoong’ a Wheat Variety with Good Noodle Quality, Red Grain Wheat, Long Spike, and Moderate Resistance to Fusarium Head Blight

Abstract

A winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivar, 'Taejoong', was developed by the National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration in 2016. It was derived from a cross between 'Xian83(104).11 ' and 'Keumkang' in 2005. It was generated through the bulk and pedigree methods for six years, and then designated as 'Iksan370' after a two-year advanced yield trial test. This variety was designated the name 'Taejoong' after a regional yield trial test in eight locations throughout Korea for three years from 2014 to 2016. Its heading date was April 27 in upland and paddy filed conditions, and its maturity date was June 7 in uplands and June 4 in paddy fields, which were late compared to that of 'Keumkang'. 'Taejoong' had 417 spikes per m 2 , which was 300 less than that of 'Keumkang'. However, the spike length was 13.4 cm and the number of kernel per one spike was 48, which was 5.8 cm longer and 19 higher than those of 'Keumkang', respectively. 'Taejoong' showed strong resistance to lodging and moderate resistance to Fusarium head blight, but was susceptible to powdery mildew. 'Taejoong' flour yield (71.8%) and flour lightness (91.90) were similar to those of 'Keumkang', but its protein content (11.1%), gluten content (8.8%), and sodium dodecyl sulfate-sedimentation volume (34.2 ml) were lower. These result showed that the flour dough strength of 'Taejoong' was weaker than that of 'Keumkang'. The high-molecular-weight gluten subunit compositions of 'Taejoong' were Glu-A1 (N), Glu-B1 (7+9), and Glu-D1 (2+12). The granule-bound starch synthase compositions were Wx-A1, Wx-B1, and Wx-D1. The puroindoline compositions were Pina-D1 (a type) and Pinb-D1 (b type). The average grain yield of 'Taejoong' in a regional yield trial was 5.3 ton/ha in uplands and 4.6 ton/ha in paddy fields, which were 21% and 13% higher than that of the reference cultivar, 'Keumkang', respectively. (Registration No. 7378). This is an Open-Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non-Commercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0) which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. 서 언 밀(Triticum aestivum L.)은 세계 3대 작물로서 밀가루를 이용 하는 빵, 국수, 과자 등 다양한 식품 가공품의 원재료로 이용되고 소비가 꾸준히 증가하고 있는 반면, 국내 식용밀 생산량은 2017 년 3만7천톤으로 수입량 215만5천톤 대비 1.7% 비율로 매우 Upland

A framework for improving wheat spike development and yield based on the master regulatory TOR and SnRK gene systems

“…It has larger leaf epidermal cells resulting in larger leaf architecture, but photosynthesis did not differ from a control. The line also showed higher yields than a reference line from the same breeding program ( Kim et al , 2019 ). TOR activity in spikes was not noted.…”

Mapping Quantitative Trait Loci for Yield Potential Traits in Wheat Recombinant Inbred Lines

“…A total of 94 F 10 RILs were produced from the cross between two Korean wheat cultivars, Taejoong and Keumkang. The main phenotypic feature of Taejoong is a large spike (Figure 1) [19,20]. The RIL population was cultivated in upland conditions at Jeonbuk National University (35 •…”

“…Taejoong also exhibited a ten-thousand kernel weight of 48.3 g, which was 5% heavier than Keumkang. Although Taejoong exhibited limited tillering capacity, i.e., 417 spikes per square-meter, which was 42% less than Keumkang, its final grain yield was moderately higher (13-21% higher depending on the cropping patterns) than Keumkang, mainly due to the superior spike characteristics in terms of kernel number and size [19]. As the genetic factors underlying the large spike characteristics of Taejoong remain unclear, we aimed to identify quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for yield potential characteristics of Taejoong using a recombinant inbred line (RIL) population derived from the cross between Taejoong and Keumkang and generate useful information for improving yield potential in wheat breeding programs.…”

“…In South Korea, a large spike wheat cultivar Taejoong was developed from the cross between the Chinese wheat Xian83 and the Korean cultivar Keumkang at the National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) [18,19]. In the regional yield trials conducted for three years (2014-2016) at the NICS, spike length and kernels per spike of Taejoong were 13.4 cm and 48, respectively, which were 76% longer and 66% more than those of Keumkang, respectively [19]. Taejoong also exhibited a ten-thousand kernel weight of 48.3 g, which was 5% heavier than Keumkang.…”