Tadpole of Hylodes fredi (Anura; Hylodidae), a frog endemic to an Atlantic Forest island (Ilha Grande, Rio de Janeiro State), Brazil

Abstract

The species of the genus Hylodes Fitzinger live on banks of small rivers and streams which run on rough terrain in eastern Brazil (Silva & Benmaman 2008). Hylodes fredi Canedo and Pombal 2007 is a recently described species endemic to Ilha Grande (Canedo and Pombal, 2007), an island covered by Atlantic Rainforest in the south of Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil. In this study, we present the description of the tadpole of H. fredi.

The Larva ofCrossodactylus aeneusMüller, 1924: Morphology and Ecological Aspects

“…The tadpoles of C. aeneus can be differentiated from those of Hylodes spp. by the presence of a ventral depression on the body (Haddad and Pombal 1995)-a distinguishing characteristic used in subsequent studies (Nascimento et al 2001;Pombal et al 2002;Haddad et al 2003;Costa et al 2009Costa et al , 2010Laia et al 2010).…”

Factors influencing fine-scale occupancy and detectability of an insular Atlantic Forest frog

“…Therefore, it can be expected that the higher availability of rocks in the stream environment can support a larger number of individuals, especially males. H. fredi tadpoles are habitat specialists and are found only in forest rocky streams, with clear shallow backwaters and with high levels of dissolved oxygen (Laia et al 2010;Fatorelli et al 2018). Also, because this is a diurnal species, it can be exposed to higher temperatures and direct sunlight, which can be harmful to amphibians (Duellman and Trueb 1986).…”

“…Therefore, it can be expected that the higher availability of rocks in the stream environment can support a larger number of individuals, especially males. H. fredi tadpoles are habitat specialists and are found only in forest rocky streams, with clear shallow backwaters and with high levels of dissolved oxygen (Laia et al . 2010; Fatorelli et al .…”