Tadeusz Kotarbiński’s Action Theory

Makowski, Piotr Tomasz

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-40051-8

Cited by 8 publications

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“…Generally, intentionalism can be understood as the metaphilosophical view that the language of intentionality typical for the folk-psychological conceptual apparatus—allowing one to talk about intentions, desires, beliefs and the like—builds the most convincing framework to anchor explanations of the nature of shared actions (cf. Makowski 2017, 37). Intentionalism is frequently an implicit view and it may take various forms, depending on explanatory needs and ambitions.…”

Section: La Ola As a Cooperative Activity: Intentionalistic Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…That would imply a constitutivist view: most individuals who spontaneously initiate the wave could respond to the Anscombean question of “what are you doing?” (Railton 2009), but their answers—it seems—would rather be post-factum rationalizations of their behavior than reports of conscious intention formation before starting the activity that created the “perturbation” during the initial phase (cf. Makowski 2017, 177). This explanatory strategy appears to be apt for those cases of intentional action that are relatively quick and do not require much thinking, but—as it is silent about their cognitive underpinnings—its usefulness is significantly limited.…”

Section: La Ola As a Cooperative Activity: Intentionalistic Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It is neither an entirely blind and mechanical “doubling” of a given activity (like mimicking mannerisms in the Chameleon effect ; Chartrand and Bargh 1999) nor a complex imitation enabling new skills (like intended exercising—cf. Makowski 2017). Automatic imitation is based on associations linking sensory representations of topographical features of a given activity with motor representations of the same or “corresponding” topographical features of that activity.…”

Section: La Ola As a Cooperative Activity: Intentionalistic Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…On the other hand, classic works in the philosophy of collective action (Bratman 1992; Gilbert 1990; Searle 1990; Tuomela 2006) launched myriads of studies which approach collective behavior from the different perspective of shared plans, intentions, and beliefs (propositional attitudes in general). The critique that came later, namely that they are overly semantic (Paternotte 2014) or excessively small-scale-oriented (Makowski 2017) did not significantly change the picture of the philosophical theorizing on shared actions. Still, both of these theoretical frameworks, decision/game theory and intentionalistic philosophy of shared agency, rest on basic and strong ideas that are difficult to avoid when we search for the explanation of actions performed by agents who think and act together.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shared Intentionality and Automatic Imitation: The case of La Ola

Makowski

2020

Philosophy of the Social Sciences

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This article argues that such large-scale cases of crowd behavior as the Mexican Wave ( La Ola) constitute forms of shared intentionality which cannot be explained solely with the use of the standard intentionalistic ontology. It claims that such unique forms of collective intentionality require a hybrid explanatory lens in which an account of shared goals, intentions, and other propositional attitudes is combined with an account of the motor psychology of collective agents. The paper describes in detail the intentionalistic ontology of La Ola and discusses the conditions of cooperation it meets. The discussion allows the author to defend the view that large-scale collective intentionality can be based on automaticity to a significant degree: to properly understand such phenomena like La Ola, the idea of probabilistically interpreted decisions and propensities to act should give way to the automatic aspects of behavior. This paves the way for future studies in the philosophy of action to fully recognize the role of automatic performances at the level of collective actions just as they do for individual actions.

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Section: La Ola As a Cooperative Activity: Intentionalistic Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: La Ola As a Cooperative Activity: Intentionalistic Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: La Ola As a Cooperative Activity: Intentionalistic Ontologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Shared Intentionality and Automatic Imitation: The case of La Ola

Makowski

2020

Philosophy of the Social Sciences

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“…Often referred to as "human agency", individuals are assumed to construct their own life courses through choices and actions (Elder, 1994). In line with notions from action theory, or more precisely rational choice theory, individual decision-making is assumed to be goal-oriented and driven by the desire to improve -or at least maintain -wellbeing over time while minimising any anticipated immediate or long-term adverse repercussions (Bandura, 2006;Becker, 1976;Makowski 2017;Sen, 1990). Human agency is thereby guided by prior experiences and constraints or opportunity structures within an individual's environment.…”

Section: The Life Course Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

May your wealth be easily divisible by two: marital dissolution and personal wealth of German men and women over the life course

Kapelle¹

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Wealth provides advantages above those provided by earnings including the access to an objective and subjective economic buffer during financial hardship (Spilerman, 2000). However, individuals differ greatly in their ability to generate and maintain wealth (Killewald, Pfeffer, & Schachner, 2017). The lack of sufficient private wealth is becoming progressively problematic, as even countries with generous welfare systems, such as Germany, have increasingly emphasised personal economic responsibility throughout the life course (Seeleib-Kaiser, 2016). It is thus urgent to understand the factors that disrupt individuals' wealth accumulation given their implications for the economic wellbeing of the population in forthcoming years. While family dynamics have been recognised as a source of stratification (McLanahan & Percheski, 2008), marital dissolution has received little attention within wealth stratification research despite this event being linked to a range of financial-and potentially wealth-relevant-burdens (e.g. relocation costs, administrative divorce costs). This thesis investigates the association between marital dissolution and wealth of men and women in Germany. I thereby expand on an incipient body of US research that found that marital dissolution is associated with substantially lower household or percapita wealth (e.g. Zagorsky, 2005; Zissimopoulos, Karney, & Rauer, 2015). These studies, however, almost exclusively used cross-sectional data and static theories, although the processes linking marital dissolution and wealth are likely dynamic, with important wealth-related processes taking place before and after marital separation and divorce. Furthermore, due to data restrictions, previous studies insufficiently considered gender differences although the economic outcomes of marital dissolution, at least for income, have been shown to differ between men and women. To address these shortcomings in previous research, I aim to (a) explain how marital dissolution affects individuals' wealth levels and wealth accumulation, including immediate and long-term outcomes, and (b) explore how, and to what degree, the association between marital dissolution and wealth is gendered. I rely on three methodological and theoretical developments to address these aims. First, I draw on the life course framework, which provides a set of heuristics that acknowledge patterns of stability and change. Second, addressing limitations of static methods applied in previous research, I build on statistical methods that provide more appropriate tools to analyse patterns of progression, individual change, and dynamic processes. My quantitative approach includes panel regressions and sequence analysis. Third, I rely on novel longitudinal wealth data from the German SocioEconomic Panel (SOEP). These data are unique in that they were collected separately for each household member (i.e. at the personal level), which enable a gender-sensitive approach. My thesis highlights a range of key findings: First, marital dissolution is associated ...

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Routines: towards the Complexity of Organizational Intentionality

Makowski

2021

Rev.Phil.Psych.

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The paper explores the topic of organizational routines from a philosophical vantage point to see how the philosophy of action may help improve its understanding in organizational research. The main goal is to show the distinctive complexity of the intentional picture of routines. In this respect, the paper clarifies the interrelations between psychological habits and routines and describes similarities and differences between them. It also highlights the special place of mindfulness as a psycho-cognitive mechanism of action meta-control in intentional explanations of routine complexity.

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Tadeusz Kotarbiński’s Action Theory

Cited by 8 publications

References 0 publications

Shared Intentionality and Automatic Imitation: The case of La Ola

Shared Intentionality and Automatic Imitation: The case of La Ola

May your wealth be easily divisible by two: marital dissolution and personal wealth of German men and women over the life course

Routines: towards the Complexity of Organizational Intentionality

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