“…During neurodevelopment, the brain demands substantial iron import and this micronutrient is necessary for several molecular and cellular processes, such as DNA, RNA and protein synthesis, cell proliferation and differentiation (Beard, 2003; Beard, Connor, & Jones, 1993). Iron demand increases during the critical period of neurodevelopment, and its deficiency causes multiple acute and long-term structural (DeMaman, Melo, Homem, Tavares, & Lachat, 2010; Horiquini-Barbosa, Gibb, Kolb, Bray, & Lachat, 2017), ultrastructural (DeMaman et al, 2010; Horiquini-Barbosa et al, 2017), electrophysiological (Rocinholi, Lachat, & Oliveira, 2008), and neurochemical changes (Beard, 2003). Recently, iron deficiency was related to gene and epigenetic dysregulation (Tran, Kennedy, Lien, Simmons, & Georgieff, 2015; Tran et al, 2016).…”