Tactics for Management of Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) and Tomato Spotted Wilt Virus in Tomato

Abstract

Four studies were conducted in Georgia during spring 1999, 2000, 2001, and 2002 to evaluate various management tactics for reducing thrips and thrips-vectored tomato spotted wilt virus (TSWV) in tomato and their interactions relative to fruit yield. Populations of thrips vectors of TSWV, Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and Frankliniella fusca (Hinds), were determined using flower and sticky trap samples. The management practices evaluated were host plant resistance, insecticide treatments, and silver or metallic reflective mulch. Averaged over all tests, the TSWV-resistant tomato 'BHN444' on silver mulch treatment had the largest effect in terms of reducing thrips and spotted wilt and increasing marketable yield. Of the insecticide treatments tested, the imidacloprid soil treatment followed by early applications of a thrips-effective foliar insecticide treatment provided significant increase in yield over other treatments. Tomato yield was negatively correlated with the number of F. fusca and percentage of TSWV incidence. F. occidentalis per blossom was positively correlated with percentage of TSWV incidence, but not with yield. No significant interactions were observed between cultivar reflective mulch main plot treatments and insecticide subplot treatments; thus, treatment seemed to be additive in reducing the economic impact of thrips-vectored TSWV. Control tactics that manage thrips early in the growing season significantly increased tomato yield in years when the incidence of TSWV was high (>17%).

Integrated Management Tactics for <I>Frankliniella</I> Thrips (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) in Field-Grown Pepper

“…2 E-mail: sreitz@nettally.com. ever, such reductions in the abundance of thrips without reduction in the incidence of tomato spotted wilt have occurred in other studies with UV-reßective mulches in tomatoes (Greenough et al 1990, Riley and Pappu 2000).…”

The effect of virus titre on acquisition efficiency of Tomato spotted wilt virus by Frankliniella occidentalis and the effect of temperature on detectable period of the virus in dead bodies

“…Monitoring viruliferous thrips incidences in the field could also be used to predict the likelihood of TSWV infection (Okazaki et al 2007;Zen et al 2008), especially since sticky traps have often been used to capture flying thrips in the field (Boissot et al 1998;Riley and Pappu 2004;Yudin et al 1987). Our results suggest that estimating the incidence of thrips and the proportion of viruliferous thrips could play a useful role in IDM.…”

“…Thrips populations have been estimated either directly by collecting them from plants, or indirectly by the use of sticky traps designed to capture those in flight (Boissot et al 1998;Riley and Pappu 2004). TSWV in thrips bodies can be serologically detected using a double antibody sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (DAS-ELISA) (Cho et al 1988).…”

Temporal Relationship of Thrips Populations to Tomato Spotted Wilt Incidence in Tomato in the Field

“…TSWV is a serious disease capable of severely wilting the plant, reducing fruit yield, and ruining fruit quality through scarring and irregular ripening (Riley and Pappu, 2004). Management is complex and can involve various expensive tactics.…”