Tactic components in orientation

Campan, Raymond

doi:10.1007/978-3-0348-8878-3_1

Cited by 21 publications

(13 citation statements)

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“…Swimming workers of O. bauri exhibited strong skototaxis, as also shown for Amazonian beetles (Irmler, 1973) and suggested for swimming C. americanus ants (DuBois and Jander, 1985). Skototaxis is considered a fundamental step in the evolution of more complex orientation behaviors, especially for organisms that depend on terrestrial landmarks (Campan, 1997), such as forest-dwelling ants (Hölldobler, 1980). For arboreal ants, skototaxis and its derivatives [e.g.…”

Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 65%

“…skototaxis (DuBois and Jander, 1985)]. Various insects exhibit skototaxis, although reasons for the behavior are not always obvious (Taylor, 1988;Campan, 1997). Skototaxis may be especially effective in ecotonal, riparian and flooded forest settings; the water surface reflects ambient light, and tree trunks consequently are the darkest nearby landmarks (Campan, 1997).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bohn et al, 2012) and orientation cues (e.g. Irmler, 1973;Campan, 1997) within and among ant species are needed as described above. …”

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confidence: 99%

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Water surface locomotion in tropical canopy ants

Yanoviak

Frederick

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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Upon falling onto the water surface, most terrestrial arthropods helplessly struggle and are quickly eaten by aquatic predators. Exceptions to this outcome mostly occur among riparian taxa that escape by walking or swimming at the water surface. Here we document sustained, directional, neustonic locomotion (i.e. surface swimming) in tropical arboreal ants. We dropped 35 species of ants into natural and artificial aquatic settings in Peru and Panama to assess their swimming ability. Ten species showed directed surface swimming at speeds >3 body lengths s −1 , with some swimming at absolute speeds >10 cm s −1 . Ten other species exhibited partial swimming ability characterized by relatively slow but directed movement. The remaining species showed no locomotory control at the surface. The phylogenetic distribution of swimming among ant genera indicates parallel evolution and a trend toward negative association with directed aerial descent behavior. Experiments with workers of Odontomachus bauri showed that they escape from the water by directing their swimming toward dark emergent objects (i.e. skototaxis). Analyses of high-speed video images indicate that Pachycondyla spp. and O. bauri use a modified alternating tripod gait when swimming; they generate thrust at the water surface via synchronized treading and rowing motions of the contralateral fore and mid legs, respectively, while the hind legs provide roll stability. These results expand the list of facultatively neustonic terrestrial taxa to include various species of tropical arboreal ants. KEY WORDS: Aquatic, Behavior, Forest, Formicidae, Neustonic, Skototaxis INTRODUCTIONEfficient locomotion at the air-water interface is relatively uncommon in nature (Vogel, 1994). Most terrestrial arthropods are helpless when they fall onto water, in part because their small body size makes them vulnerable to entrapment by surface tension forces. Additionally, the relatively low physical resistance of water to slender kicking appendages often leads to a futile struggle ending in death via drowning or predation. Conspicuous exceptions to these generalities include the specialized water-treading behaviors and morphologies of neustonic insects and spiders (Andersen, 1976;Milne and Milne, 1978;Vogel, 1994;Hu et al., 2003). For species lacking such traits, escape from the water surface usually is fortuitous.The very specialized legs of obligate pelagic and neustonic taxa such as diving beetles and water striders facilitate efficient locomotion below or on the water surface (Nachtigall, 1974), but are relatively ineffective and clumsy on land. The gaits of these insects often are kinematically distinct from the alternating tripod gait used by terrestrial species in the same clades (Andersen, 1976). By contrast, riparian arthropods frequently tread on both land and water with high efficiency using the same gaits and appendages. For example, the hydrophobic tarsi of riparian Hydrophorus flies allow them to alight on water or vegetation (Burrows, 2013), and the modified hin...

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Section: Research Articlementioning

confidence: 65%

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Water surface locomotion in tropical canopy ants

Yanoviak

Frederick

2014

Journal of Experimental Biology

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“…The migratory flight of H. axyridis is directed by 'hypsotaxis': the beetles orient themselves towards the highest object on the horizon (Hagen 1962;Campan 1997). This can be a building, tower, pole, or anything else that forms a prominent, contrasting silhouette against the surrounding environment (Tanagishi 1976;Obata et al 1986;Nalepa et al 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mode of overwintering of invasive Harmonia axyridis in the Netherlands

et al. 2011

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After establishment of Harmonia axyridis (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) in Europe, population densities of native ladybird species have decreased. The post-hibernation onset of female reproduction, a key characteristic influencing population dynamics and competition with related species, was studied. Hibernating individuals were collected and transferred to outdoor cages to continue overwintering. Every two weeks a sample of individuals was transferred to long-day, warm conditions. Intensity of dormancy was studied by determining the pre-oviposition period and ovarian development. Preoviposition periods were short throughout our observations, indicating that Harmonia axyridis was not in diapause but in a quiescent state. H. axyridis becomes active rapidly when temperature rises in spring but is not active earlier in the year than native species. Neither the mode of overwintering, nor the onset of spring activity can explain the invasion success of H. axyridis.

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“…Sandhoppers are the only invertebrates in which it has been definitely demonstrated that a chronometrically compensated moon compass coexists with a sun compass (Ugolini et al 1999a,b). Moreover, in Talitrus saltator and Talorchestia deshayesii the capacity to use the sun to recover the damp belt of sand near the sea after displacements along the sea-land axis is innate (see Campan (1997) for a review). It is well known that sea-land axis orientation in sandhoppers is mainly based on astronomical compass cues (the sun and moon).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Orientation at night: an innate moon compass in sandhoppers (Amphipoda: Talitridae)

Ugolini

Fantini

Innocenti

2003

Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B

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The supralittoral amphipod Talitrus saltator is well known for its capacity for astronomical orientation using the sun and moon as compasses. It has also been demonstrated that the sun compass is innate in this species. In our experiments, we released inexpert (naive) young born in the laboratory into a confined environment under the full moon and in the absence of the horizontal component of the magnetic field. They were allowed to see the natural sky and the moon only at the moment of release. The young individuals were obtained in the laboratory by crossing adult individuals from the same and different populations of sandhoppers. The young from intrapopulation crosses were well oriented towards the directions corresponding to those of their parents, whereas the young from interpopulation crosses were oriented in an intermediate direction. Therefore, our experiments demonstrate in the sandhopper T. saltator that sea-land moon orientation relies on an innate chronometrically compensated mechanism.

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Tactic components in orientation

Cited by 21 publications

References 113 publications

Water surface locomotion in tropical canopy ants

Water surface locomotion in tropical canopy ants

Mode of overwintering of invasive Harmonia axyridis in the Netherlands

Orientation at night: an innate moon compass in sandhoppers (Amphipoda: Talitridae)

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