“…Recently, to deal with problems of large scale, meta-heuristic algorithms have been studied and brought successful computational results. In these developments [1,2,5,7,8,12,13,14,15,19,21,22], most literature employs a rather simple model of RCPSP, whose objective is to minimize the makespan, and whose constraints are only those of renewable resources and precedence constraints. In real situations, however, more complicated constraints often arise, which cannot be formulated in such a simple form of RCPSP.…”