Tabak und Tabakrauch als ätiologischer Faktor des Carcinoms

Lickint, F

doi:10.1007/bf01636077

Cited by 56 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…The earliest studies on the connection between tobacco smoking and lung cancer were described over 100 years ago [1] with the first quantitative analysis in 1929 [2]. Since these initial studies, mounting evidence has led to the generally accepted conclusion that cigarette smoking is the major risk factor in lung cancer [3], with confirmation studies done in epidemiology, animal experiments, cellular pathology, and experiments on cancer-associated chemicals present in cigarette smoke [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tobacco carcinogen NNK-induced lung cancer animal models and associated carcinogenic mechanisms

Ge¹,

Xu²,

Chen³

2015

ABBS

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Tobacco usage is a major risk factor in the development, progression, and outcomes for lung cancer. Of the carcinogens associated with lung cancer, tobacco-specific nitrosamines 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) is among the most potent ones. The oncogenic mechanisms of NNK are not entirely understood, hindering the development of effective strategies for preventing and treating smoking-associated lung cancers. Here, we introduce the NNK-induced lung cancer animal models in different species and its potential mechanisms. Finally, we summarize several chemopreventive agents developed from these animal models.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 90%

Tobacco carcinogen NNK-induced lung cancer animal models and associated carcinogenic mechanisms

Ge¹,

Xu²,

Chen³

2015

ABBS

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“…While there were several early studies linking smoking and cancer (Adler, 1912; Lickint, 1929; Doll & Hill, 1950), Doll (1998) argues that the evidence was largely ignored until 1950 when five case-control studies (4 from the U.S. and 1 from the U.K.) were published. The harmful effects of smoking were reported in the popular press in the U.S. in the 1950s but very little was reported in the U.K. prior to the 1962 Royal College of Physicians of London Report and the 1964 report from the U.S.…”

Section: Knowledge and Selectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Selection and the effect of prenatal smoking

Fertig

2009

Health Economics

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There is a debate about the extent to which the effect of prenatal smoking on infant health outcomes is causal. Poor outcomes could be attributable to mother characteristics which are correlated with smoking. I examine the importance of selection on the effect of prenatal smoking by using three British cohorts where the mothers’ knowledge about the harms of prenatal smoking varied substantially. I find that the effect of smoking on the probability of a low birth weight birth conditional on gestation is slightly more than twice as large in 2000 compared to 1958, implying that selection could explain as much as 50 percent of the current association between smoking and birth outcomes.

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“…In the 1920s, several German studies suggested a link between smoking and lung cancer. 15,16 Thus, the earliest German research on the effects of smoking, in particular the causal relationship between smoking and lung cancer, long predated research on this issue in English language papers, which have generally been seen as heralding the link between smoking and lung cancer. 17,18 These early studies were not linked to Nazi ideology.…”

Section: History Of Tobacco Control In Germanymentioning

confidence: 99%

Tobacco policies in Nazi Germany: Not as simple as it seems

Bachinger

Gilmore

2008

Public Health

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SummaryObjective-Reluctance to develop effective tobacco control measures in Germany has been attributed to the anti-smoking stance taken by the Nazis, which has encouraged pro-smoking groups to equate tobacco control advocacy with totalitarianism. This paper reassesses the scale and nature of tobacco control in Germany during the Third Reich. Design-Analysis of documents and reports about the situation in Germany in the 1930s and 1940ssupplemented by a review of Reich legal ordinances, party newspapers, health behaviour guidelines issued by Nazi party organizations, and interviews with expert informants.Results-While there was considerable opposition to smoking in Nazi Germany, there was no consistent Nazi policy to combat smoking, and what did exist built on pre-existing policies. Although extreme measures were taken in isolated localities or by overzealous party members, there was a marked ambivalence to tobacco control at the highest levels. Many policies were contradictory; measures were often not enforced, and cigarettes were actively distributed to 'deserving' groups.Conclusion-Policies on tobacco in Nazi Germany are much more complex than is often represented by those who invoke them to condemn those seeking to reduce the burden of disease caused by smoking.

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Tabak und Tabakrauch als ätiologischer Faktor des Carcinoms

Cited by 56 publications

References 22 publications

Tobacco carcinogen NNK-induced lung cancer animal models and associated carcinogenic mechanisms

Tobacco carcinogen NNK-induced lung cancer animal models and associated carcinogenic mechanisms

Selection and the effect of prenatal smoking

Tobacco policies in Nazi Germany: Not as simple as it seems

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