Ta4C3 MXene as a saturable absorber for femtosecond mode-locked fiber lasers

Nanometer-Thin Stacks of MXenes (Ti3C2Tx and Ta4C3Tx) for Applications as Nonlinear Photonic Devices

“…These results illustrate that the waveguide laser system can maximize the optical manipulating performance of MXenes in ultrafast photonic applications. To date, several works have reported the SA performance of Ta 4 C 3 T x and their applications in fiber lasers, covering the wavelength from the 1 μm band to the communication band (C-band) and producing laser pulses with pulse durations as short as 417 ps and 350 fs. , Under the QML operating situation, the pulse duration and repetition rate of the waveguide laser have approached or even exceeded the parameters of solid-state or fiber lasers in the CWML regime, indicating that the waveguide platform may demonstrate superior performance under the same operation regime. , Compared with the solid-state laser, the waveguide laser has a lower threshold and higher slope efficiency, which reduce the requirement for high-power pump sources. The geometry of waveguide structures can be fabricated flexibly, varying from one- to three-dimensional .…”

“…Consequently, they have excellent optoelectronic properties and demonstrate enhanced light–matter interaction as well as ultrafast nonlinear optical response, making Ti 3 C 2 T x and Ta 4 C 3 T x MXenes very promising for photonic applications such as optical manipulation. Motivated by the remarkable nonlinear optical performance of MXenes, Q -switched and/or mode-locked lasers have been demonstrated by utilizing MXene-based modulation elements. − …”

Preparation and pulsed fiber laser applications of emerging nanostructured materials

“…Ti 3 C 2 T x is the most studied MXene material for achieving the ultra-short pulses in passively mode-locked fiber lasers. 64,220,301–307 Other MXenes such as V 2 CT x , 308–310 Ti 2 CT x , 311 Ta 2 CT x , 312 Nb 2 C, 65 Mo 2 C, 313 and Ta 4 C 3 314,315 were also employed as the SAs for ultra-short pulsed fiber laser generation. Up to now, by using MXenes as the SA, the wavelength of the obtained pulsed laser in passively mode-locked fiber lasers spans from about 1031.5 nm 316 to 1891.82 nm.…”

Optical modulation in Er-doped fiber laser delivering dark pulse utilizing side polished fiber coated with Ti3AlC2 as saturable absorber

“…These properties of MAX phase promote them as promising material to be used in high temperature applications. Various types of MAX phase such as V 2 AIC [21], Ti 3 AIC 2 [31], Ti 2 AIN [32] and Ta 4 C 3 [33] were proven as effective SA for mode-locking laser. Here, we report the generation of CQNLSE dark pulse from a fiber laser system using MAX phase Ti 3 AlC 2 solution coated on a SPF.…”