T7 Phage Display Library a Promising Strategy to Detect Tuberculosis Specific Biomarkers

Abstract

One-third of the world's population is infected with tuberculosis, only 10% will develop active disease and the remaining 90% is considered to have latent TB (LTB). While active TB is contagious and can be lethal, the LTB can evolve to active TB. The diagnosis of TB can be challenging, especially in the early stages, due to the variability in presentation and nonspecific signs and symptoms. Currently, we have limited tools available to diagnose active TB, predict treatment efficacy and cure of active tuberculosis, the reactivation of latent tuberculosis infection, and the induction of protective immune responses through vaccination. Therefore, the identification of robust and accurate tuberculosis-specific biomarkers is crucial for the successful eradication of TB. In this commentary, we summarized the available methods for diagnosis and differentiation of active TB from LTB and their limitations. Additionally, we present a novel peptide microarray platform as promising strategy to identify TB biomarkers.

Ribokinase screened from T7 phage displayed Mycobacterium tuberculosis genomic DNA library had good potential for the serodiagnosis of tuberculosis

“…As far as the construction of phage displayed genomic DNA library was concerned, T7 phage had obvious advantages as follows: (1) T7 phage is highly stable in various extreme environments such as (high temperature and low pH) (Piggott and Karuso 2016). (2) The life cycle of T7 phage is shorter so that the process of cloning is more rapid than that of M13 phage (Talwar et al 2016). Various studies have demonstrated the power of T7 phage displayed in many ways.…”

“…Cytidine-5-triphosphate synthase1-selective inhibitory peptide from random peptide library displayed on T7 phage was discovered by Sakamoto et al (2017). The specific M. tuberculosis antigens screened from T7 phage displayed cDNA library may aid to develop a TB vaccine which could generate specific humoral response against M. tuberculosis (Talwar et al 2016). Talwar H et al developed a T7 phage cDNA library and constructed a microarray platform using sarcoidosis tissue to develop TB therapeutic or prophylactic (Talwar et al 2018).…”

Novel T7 Phage Display Library Detects Classifiers for Active Mycobacterium Tuberculosis Infection

“…Lungs are highly exposed to numerous bacteria and our library is predominantly derived from sarcoidosis BAL cells and WBCs containing diverse immune cells, including macrophages that were exposed to various pathogens. We postulate that the CSL represents a segment of the lung microbe containing diverse antigens for TB, sarcoidosis, and cystic fibrosis [ 18 , 19 , 20 ].…”

“…We randomly selected 1070 clones through biopanning and constructed a microarray platform with the selected clones. Previously, upon immunoscreening of this platform with sera from healthy controls, sarcoidosis and culture positive TB patients, we showed that we can detect highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for TB in the sera of subjects with culture positive MTB [ 18 , 20 ]. In that study, the TB patients were smear negative but culture positive and at the time of sera collection, they were on treatment with anti-tuberculosis agents [ 18 , 20 ].…”

“…Previously, upon immunoscreening of this platform with sera from healthy controls, sarcoidosis and culture positive TB patients, we showed that we can detect highly sensitive and specific biomarkers for TB in the sera of subjects with culture positive MTB [ 18 , 20 ]. In that study, the TB patients were smear negative but culture positive and at the time of sera collection, they were on treatment with anti-tuberculosis agents [ 18 , 20 ]. To investigate whether our display library also detects specific biomarkers in sera from smear positive MTB patients and if these biomarkers differ from those of smear negative but culture positive TB, we immunoscreened T7 phage display libraries with sera of smear-positive TB patients.…”