T1 white/gray contrast as a predictor of chronological age, and an index of cognitive performance

Lewis, John D.; Evans, Alan C.; Tohka, Jussi; Study, Genetics

doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2018.02.050

Cited by 85 publications

(66 citation statements)

References 42 publications

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“…2 ), and a greater primary visual increase for ASD subjects in the cross-sectional sample (with a similar but less prominent pattern in the longitudinal sample). These primary sensory patterns are likely reflecting complex cellular processes: whereas the rates of overall axonal pruning and other related processes such as apoptosis and cell migration may be reduced in autism 6 , resulting in lower contrast, dendritic arborisations increase dramatically in the primary sensory areas during the normal development 37 , resulting in an increased gray matter intensity and hence reduced WGC in those regions, while the opposite generally holds for secondary and association areas 10 . Such increased dendritic arborisations in middle cortical layers normally appear early in development, during the formation of the cortical subplate, as thalamocortical afferents reach the primary cortical regions 38 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1 in ref. 10 ). To obtain these measures, a distance map was created from the white surface at 0.25 mm resolution; the distance map was smoothed with a 0.5 mm full width at half maximum (FWHM) Gaussian kernel; and a gradient vector field was computed.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One way to establish such a combination is to compute the ratio of MRI intensities sampled in- and outside of the white–gray matter boundary, referred to as white–gray contrast (WGC). Such a contrast metric, proposed almost a decade ago 9 , reflects both gray and white-matter properties and has proven sensitive in predicting such features as biological age and cognitive performance with high accuracy 10 , 11 . Utilisation of this metric in the autism domain is relatively new.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental changes of cortical white–gray contrast as predictors of autism diagnosis and severity

2018

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Recent studies suggest that both cortical gray and white-matter microstructural characteristics are distinct for subjects with autism. There is a lack of evidence regarding how these characteristics change in a developmental context. We analysed a longitudinal/cross-sectional dataset of 402 magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans (171 subjects with autism and 231 with typical development) from the Autism Brain Imaging Data Exchange, cohorts I–II (ABIDE-I-II). In the longitudinal sample, we computed the rate of change in the white–gray contrast, a measure which has been related to age and cognitive performance, at the boundary of the cerebral cortex. Then, we devised an analogous metric for the cross-sectional sample of the ABIDE dataset to measure age-related differences in cortical contrast. Further, we developed a probabilistic model to predict the diagnostic group in the longitudinal sample of the cortical contrast change data, using results obtained from the cross-sectional sample. In both subsets, we observed a similar overall pattern of greater decrease within the autistic population in intensity contrast for most cortical regions (81%), with occasional increases, mostly in primary sensory regions. This pattern correlated well with raw and calibrated behavioural scores. The prediction results show 76% accuracy for the whole-cortex diagnostic prediction and 86% accuracy in prediction using the motor system alone. Our results support a contrast change analysis strategy that appears sensitive in predicting diagnostic outcome and symptom severity in autism spectrum disorder, and is readily extensible to other MRI-based studies of neurodevelopmental cohorts.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Developmental changes of cortical white–gray contrast as predictors of autism diagnosis and severity

2018

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“…In addition to cortical morphometry, less explored measures of signal intensity variation in the T1-weighted (T1w) image may reflect additional and partly distinct neurobiological properties and processes (Andrews et al, 2017;Lewis, Evans, & Tohka, 2018;Lewis, Fonov, Collins, Evans, & Tohka, 2019;Norbom et al, 2019;Salat et al, 2009).…”

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confidence: 99%

Maturation of cortical microstructure and cognitive development in childhood and adolescence: A T1w/T2w ratio MRI study

Norbom

Rokicki

Alnæs

et al. 2020

Human Brain Mapping

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The restructuring and optimization of the cerebral cortex from early childhood and through adolescence is an essential feature of human brain development, underlying immense cognitive improvements. Beyond established morphometric cortical assessments, the T1w/T2w ratio quantifies partly separate biological processes, and might inform models of typical neurocognitive development and developmental psychopathology. In the present study, we computed vertex-wise T1w/T2w ratio across the cortical surface in 621 youths (3-21 years) sampled from the Pediatric Imaging, Neurocognition, and Genetics (PING) study and tested for associations with individual differences in age, sex, and both general and specific cognitive abilities. The results showed a near global linear age-related increase in T1w/T2w ratio across the brain surface, with a general posterior to anterior increasing gradient in association strength. Moreover, results indicated that boys in late adolescence had regionally higher T1w/T2w ratio as compared to girls. Across individuals, T1w/T2w ratio was negatively associated with general and several specific cognitive abilities mainly within anterior cortical regions. Our study indicates age-related differences in T1w/T2w ratio throughout childhood, adolescence, and young adulthood, in line with the known protracted myelination of the cortex. Moreover, the study supports T1w/T2w ratio as a promising surrogate measure of individual differences in intracortical brain structure in neurodevelopment.

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“…Raw T1-weighted images were submitted to the CIVET pipeline (Version 2.1.0: http://www.bic.mni.mcgill.ca/ServicesSoftware/CIVET) for extraction of gray and white matter surfaces, described previously (June et al, 2005;Lewis, Evans, & Tohka, 2018;Makowski et al, 2019a). A distance map relative to the white surface provided by CIVET was created at 0.25 × 0.25 × 0.25 mm resolution, smoothed with a 0.5 mm FWHM Gaussian kernel, and used to create a gradient vector field of the distance map (Lewis et al, 2018). Down-sampling and smoothing was done prior to creation of the vector field, due to the fact that at low resolution, some regions (particularly at the tips of gyri) have very thin white matter.…”

Section: Generation Of Cortical Surfacesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Altered hippocampal centrality and dynamic anatomical covariance of intracortical microstructure in first episode psychosis

et al. 2020

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Hippocampal circuitry has been posited to be fundamental to positive symptoms in psychosis, but its contributions to other factors important for outcome remains unclear. We hypothesized that longitudinal changes in the hippocampal circuit and concomitant changes of intracortical microstructure are altered in first episode psychosis (FEP) patients and that such changes are associated with negative symptoms and verbal memory. Longitudinal brain scans (2–4 visits over 3–15 months) were acquired for 27 FEP and 29 age‐ and sex‐matched healthy controls. Quantitative T1 maps, sensitive to myelin content, were used to sample the microstructure of the hippocampal subfields and output circuitry (fimbria, alveus, fornix, mammillary bodies), and intracortical regions. Dynamic anatomical covariance in pair‐wise regional trajectories were assessed for each subject, and graph theory was used to calculate a participation coefficient metric that quantifies the similarity/divergence between hippocampal and intracortical microstructure. The mean participation coefficient of the hippocampus was significantly reduced in FEP patients compared with controls, reflecting differences in output hippocampal regions. Importantly, lower participation coefficient of the hippocampal circuit was associated with worse negative symptoms, a relationship that was mediated by changes in verbal memory. This study provides evidence for reduced hippocampal centrality in FEP and concomitant changes in intracortical anatomy. Myelin‐rich output regions of the hippocampus may be an important biological trigger in early psychosis, with cascading effects on broader cortical networks and resultant clinical profiles.

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T1 white/gray contrast as a predictor of chronological age, and an index of cognitive performance

Cited by 85 publications

References 42 publications

Developmental changes of cortical white–gray contrast as predictors of autism diagnosis and severity

Developmental changes of cortical white–gray contrast as predictors of autism diagnosis and severity

Maturation of cortical microstructure and cognitive development in childhood and adolescence: A T1w/T2w ratio MRI study

Altered hippocampal centrality and dynamic anatomical covariance of intracortical microstructure in first episode psychosis

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