T<scp>urkey and</scp> I<scp>ran's</scp> N<scp>uclear</scp> P<scp>rogram</scp>

Gürzel, Aylin G.; Ersoy, Eyüp

doi:10.1111/j.1475-4967.2012.00521.x

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The recurring theme, however, is that Turkey's national interest in this period was less reactive to traditional geopolitical or external security considerations. As in the 1990s, Turkey's external security environment was permissive: there were no obvious interstate threats that would obviate any balancing moves beyond Iran's nuclear aspirations, but even Iran was desecuritized, and Turkey elected to support its peaceful nuclear program at the UNSC due to lack of any societal objection (Gürzel and Ersoy 2012). Turkey found that it had much more diplomatic leeway in the Middle East during the late-Bush and Obama periods as Turkey was relied upon to fill in the leadership vacuum left by the lead from behind policy (Gerges 2013, 316-18;Oguzlu 2019,135).…”

Section: Reformulating the National Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elite Change and the Inception, Duration, and Demise of the Turkish–Israeli Alliance

Aydınlı

Erpul

2021

Foreign Policy Analysis

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This article investigates the emergence and puzzling termination of the Turkish–Israeli alliance (1996–2011). While a litany of studies has offered changing material circumstances, the conservative agenda of Turkey's AKP government, and other exogenous factors as possible explanations, these fail to capture the complexity of the situation. Instead, this article applies a modified neoclassical realist framework of analysis that longitudinally recontextualizes the alliance. Specifically, in both its inception and collapse, Turkey's elite decision-makers faced no apparent external threats and were free to pursue their favored foreign policy. Domestically, however, Turkey's elite structure was decisive. In the 1990s, the old elite used their institutional power to restrain emerging elites and used their alliance with Israel as a pretext to do so. A decade later, a new elite seized institutional power. No longer restrained domestically, and absent external enemies, the new elites targeted Israel as a menace to win further domestic support, but this eventuated in a series of events that led to the termination of the alliance. Overall, the article concludes that alliance policy can become erratic at the intersection of permissive international environments and elite-induced domestic conflicts.

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Section: Reformulating the National Interestmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elite Change and the Inception, Duration, and Demise of the Turkish–Israeli Alliance

Aydınlı

Erpul

2021

Foreign Policy Analysis

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“…Turkish-Iranian relations in this sense can be described as context-dependent and should be analyzed case by case. For instance, contrary to the United States, Turkey is supportive of Iran's nuclear program as long as it is used for peaceful purposes (Gürzel 2012;Gürzel and Ersoy 2012).…”

Section: The Gulf Security Sub-complex: From Bi-polarity To Multi-polaritymentioning

confidence: 99%

Qatar–Turkey Rapprochement: Challenging the Regional Status Quo in the Gulf Security Sub-complex

Özşahin

2020

Gulf Studies

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With the election of the Justice and Development Party (JDP hereafter) 1 and Qatar's leadership change in 1995, there is no doubt that interactions between Turkey and Qatar have gained pace. The Turkey-Qatar alliance reached a new high after the Arab Spring, with these two countries emerging as two pro-revolutionary states that are disturbing the status quo in the Middle East. The ties established between Turkey and Qatar have continued even after the Arab uprisings: Turkey stood by Qatar during the 2017-18 diplomatic crisis between Qatar and the Gulf states including Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates (UAE), and Bahrain. Similarly, Qatar supported Turkey financially after the devastating currency crisis in August 2018. Moreover, Turkey has established a military base in Qatar, which is of critical significance in the history of Turkish foreign policy. Therefore, one can safely argue that Turkey and Qatar have formed an alliance based on their diverse military and economic needs.This analysis argues that Turkey and Qatar sought to change the regional status quo in order to forge a new regional security order. Accordingly, to achieve this goal, Turkey and Qatar cemented an alliance based on their diverse qualities as military and financial powers respectively. Nevertheless, the fundamental cause of the Turkish-Qatari alliance in challenging the regional status quo lies not only in concerns related to their security or power-seeking behavior, but also in certain shared values and common visions based on their ideas and identities. Therefore, it can be claimed that the transformation in the domestic politics of these states played a decisive role in shaping the Turkey-Qatar alliance, which in turn has had a major impact on the regional mosaic in the Middle East. In a nutshell, this paper contends that the Gulf security sub-complex was reshaped in the wake of the Arab uprisings, notably through the emergence of Turkey and Qatar as revisionist states. Accordingly, it

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“…64 In analyzing Turkish foreign policy in the region, academics argued that in the last few years Turkish diplomacy has been directed toward the promotion of a multilateral settlement. 65 An Iranian businessman and member of the Turkish -Iranian Business Council argued that the most important success of Turkish foreign policy has been in attracting foreign direct investment, as "businessmen from different parts of the world are choosing Turkey, and this is a real success." 66 In contrast, an Iranian expert on foreign policy argued that Turkey's most important foreign-policy success in the last few years has been in developing relations with Note: The same question as in Table 3.…”

Section: The Views Of Iranian Elitesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessments of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Middle East During the Arab Uprisings

2015

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Turkey and Iran's Nuclear Program

Abstract: [No abstract available

Cited by 6 publications

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Elite Change and the Inception, Duration, and Demise of the Turkish–Israeli Alliance

Elite Change and the Inception, Duration, and Demise of the Turkish–Israeli Alliance

Qatar–Turkey Rapprochement: Challenging the Regional Status Quo in the Gulf Security Sub-complex

Assessments of Turkish Foreign Policy in the Middle East During the Arab Uprisings

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