T lymphopaenia in relation to body mass index and TNF-alpha in human obesity: adequate weight reduction can be corrective

Tanaka, Shun‐ichi; Isoda, Fumiko; Ishihara, Yuri; Kimura, Mari; Yamakawa, Tadashi

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.1139/cn2155.x

Cited by 92 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Thus, both radiation exposure and the obesity-related metabolic profile, potentially related to enhanced inflammation, are considered as accelerators of human T-cell immunological aging. On the other hand, this study observed higher percentages of total T, T H 1, CD8 T and B cells along with obesityrelated metabolic indicators, especially with low HDL cholesterol; these results are generally in accord with those from other human studies (10)(11)(12)(32)(33)(34)(35)(36)(37). In animal models, a direct link between low HDL cholesterol levels and the vast expansion of various types of immune cells (T and B cells, macrophages and dendritic cells) has been established (38): A postulated mechanism is that HDL reduces cholesterol content in membrane lipid rafts, which can suppress intracellular signaling in such immune cells (38).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Hakoda

Kasagi²,

Kusunoki

et al. 2006

Radiation Research

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Hakoda

Kasagi²,

Kusunoki

et al. 2006

Radiation Research

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“…Decreased inflammation after weight loss has been associated with improvement in insulin sensitivity and iron status, among other conditions (47,(73)(74)(75). Most weight loss studies have also shown an improvement in cell-mediated immune response measured as lymphocyte proliferation (65,71,76,77). For example, Ahmed et al (76) showed an improvement in lymphoproliferation after a 10 or 30% CR over 6 mo.…”

Section: Weight Loss In Obese Individuals and Immune Functionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Iron Biology, Immunology, Aging, and Obesity: Four Fields Connected by the Small Peptide Hormone Hepcidin

Dao

Meydani

2013

Advances in Nutrition

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Iron status and immune response become impaired in situations that involve chronic inflammation, such as obesity or aging. Little is known, however, about the additional burden that obesity may place on the iron status and immune response in the elderly. This question is relevant given the rising numbers of elderly obese (BMI >30 kg/m 2 ) individuals and the high prevalence of iron deficiency worldwide. Iron is necessary for proper function of both the innate and adaptive immune system. Hepcidin, a peptide hormone that regulates cellular iron export, is essential for the maintenance of iron homeostasis. Therefore, since immune cells require iron for proper function hepcidin may also play an important role in immune response. In this review, we summarize the evidence for hepcidin as a link between the fields of gerontology, obesity, iron biology, and immunology. We also identify several gaps in knowledge and unanswered questions pertaining to iron homeostasis and immunity in obese populations. Finally, we review studies that have shown the impact of weight loss, focusing on calorie restriction, iron homeostasis, and immunity. These studies are important both in elucidating mechanistic links between obesity and health impairments and identifying possible approaches to target immune impairment and iron deficiency as comorbidities of obesity.

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“…Moreover, individuals with a higher body mass index are reported to be at an increased risk of infection and infection-related mortality (as reviewed by Falagas and Kompoti 2 ), have poor antibody responses to vaccines [3][4][5] and have immune cells with a reduced capacity to proliferate when stimulated with T-cell mitogens. 6,7 More recently, a higher prevalence of atopic diseases has been reported in the overweight population, suggesting heightened activation of T-helper 2 (Th2) cells (as reviewed by Hersoug and Linneberg 8 ). Adipose tissue has been shown to be actively involved in producing and secreting inflammatory mediators, including leptin, adiponectin, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of feeding fish oil on mesenteric lymph node cytokine responses in obese leptin receptor-deficient JCR:LA-cp rats

2008

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Objective: Aberrant immune responses have been identified in obesity; however, immune cells of lymph nodes residing in the inflammatory environment of visceral adipose tissue have been largely overlooked. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) can reduce inflammation and modify T-cell function and therefore may improve immune function in obesity. Thus, we determined the effects of feeding fish oil (FO) containing EPA and DHA on mesenteric lymph node (MLN) immune cell function. Methods: In this study, 14-week-old obese, leptin receptor-deficient JCR:LA-cp rats (cp/cp) (n ¼ 10 per group) were randomized to one of three nutritionally adequate diets for 3 weeks: control (ctl, 0% EPA þ DHA), low FO (LFO, 0.8% w/w EPA þ DHA) or high FO (HFO, 1.4% w/w EPA þ DHA). Lean JCR:LA-cp (Cp/cp or Cp/Cp) rats (n ¼ 5) were fed ctl diet. MLN cell phospholipid (PL) fatty acid composition, phenotypes and cytokine production were measured. Results: Obese ctl rats produced more IL-1b, IL-4 and IL-10, despite a higher proportion of (nÀ3) polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and a lower (nÀ6):(nÀ3) PUFA ratio in MLN PL compared with lean ctl rats (Po0.05). Concanavalin A-stimulated IL-2 production did not differ from lean rats even though obese ctl rats had a lower proportion of CD4 þ CD25 þ cells (Po0.05). Feeding FO to obese rats increased the incorporation of (nÀ3) PUFA into MLN PL and normalized production of IL-1b (HFO only), IL-4 and IL-10 to the levels similar to lean ctl rats (Po0.05). Conclusion: We demonstrate for the first time that obese JCR:LA-cp rats have impaired responses of MLN immune cells to mitogen stimulation and altered PL fatty acid composition. Feeding FO lowered the ex vivo inflammatory response (HFO only) and production of Th2 cytokines, without changing IL-2 production from ConA-stimulated splenocytes, which may occur independent of leptin signalling.

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T lymphopaenia in relation to body mass index and TNF-alpha in human obesity: adequate weight reduction can be corrective

Abstract: Our results suggest that subsets of T cell populations and their function may be reduced in human obesity, and that this may be related, at least in part, to the elevated TNF-alpha production. Furthermore, this T cell dysfunction can be recovered by adequate weight reduction.

Cited by 92 publications

References 33 publications

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Levels of Antibodies to Microorganisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis and of C-Reactive Protein among Atomic Bomb Survivors

Iron Biology, Immunology, Aging, and Obesity: Four Fields Connected by the Small Peptide Hormone Hepcidin

Effects of feeding fish oil on mesenteric lymph node cytokine responses in obese leptin receptor-deficient JCR:LA-cp rats

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