T-helper cross reactivity to viral recombinant proteins in HIV-2-infected patients

Pinto, Lígia A.; Covas, M. J.; Victorino, Rui M. M.

doi:10.1097/00002030-199310000-00016

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Moreover, other studies have shown that PBMC isolated from HIV-2-infected individuals respond to simian immunodeficiency virus recombinant proteins and peptide pools, both in terms of proliferation (21,22) and cytokine production (2). Overall, these data suggest that HIV-2-specific CD4 responses may feature a degree of flexibility similar to that reported for their CD8 counterparts (16).…”

Section: Infection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (Hiv-2)supporting

confidence: 62%

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Gag-Specific CD4⁺T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Foxall

Cortesão

Albuquerque

et al. 2008

J Virol

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Human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) infection, unlike HIV-1 infection, is normally characterized by low rates of CD4 depletion and low-to-undetectable viremia. We found that the frequency of Gag-specific CD4 ؉ T cells featured positive correlations with the expression of markers of CD4 activation and a negative correlation with peripheral blood mononuclear cell-associated proviral load in infection with HIV-2, in contrast with HIV-1. Moreover, HIV-2-infected individuals exhibited a greater ability to respond to HIV-1 Gag peptides (heterologous responses). Our data suggest a potential link between HIV-2-specific CD4 responses, immune activation, and viral control, which may in turn relate to the better prognosis associated with HIV-2 infection.

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Section: Infection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (Hiv-2)supporting

confidence: 62%

“…HIV-2-specific CD4 ϩ T cells have been less well characterized (6,7,21,22,30), though a better preserved proliferative capacity has been shown (6).…”

Section: Infection With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (Hiv-2)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Gag-Specific CD4⁺T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Foxall

Cortesão

Albuquerque

et al. 2008

J Virol

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“…The HIV-specific CD4 + T cell response in chronic infection is thus either entirely absent, severely impaired, or skewed towards a population that produces IFN-c only [17][18][19]. In contrast, HIV-specific CD4 + T cells are more frequent in chronic HIV-2 infection [13,[20][21][22]. Recently, we assessed the CD4 + T cell response to HIV-2 in terms of cytokine production and proliferative capacity [14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polyfunctional T cell responses are a hallmark of HIV‐2 infection

et al. 2008

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HIV-2 is distinguished clinically and immunologically from HIV-1 infection by delayed disease progression and maintenance of HIV-specific CD4(+) T cell help in most infected subjects. Thus, HIV-2 provides a unique natural human model in which to investigate correlates of immune protection against HIV disease progression. Here, we report a detailed assessment of the HIV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response compared to HIV-1, using polychromatic flow cytometry to assess the quality of the HIV-specific T cell response by measuring IFN-gamma, IL-2, TNF-alpha, MIP-1beta, and CD107a mobilization (degranulation) simultaneously following Gag peptide stimulation. We find that HIV-2-specific CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells are more polyfunctional that those specific for HIV-1 and that polyfunctional HIV-2-specific T cells produce more IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha on a per-cell basis than monofunctional T cells. Polyfunctional HIV-2-specific CD4(+) T cells were generally more differentiated and expressed CD57, while there was no association between function and phenotype in the CD8(+) T cell fraction. Polyfunctional HIV-specific T cell responses are a hallmark of non-progressive HIV-2 infection and may be related to good clinical outcome in this setting

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“…Half of the HIV-2-infected individuals studied here had a positive HIV-2-specific T cell proliferative response. This is in line with data reported by Pinto et al ., who studied T helper cell reactivities to SIV synthetic peptides and HIV-2 recombinant antigens [45,46]. In contrast, in early studies of HIV-1-infected patients, virus-specific lymphocyte-proliferative responses were usually weak [57,58].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Pinto et al . reported T helper reactivity in HIV-2-infected individuals to recombinant HIV-2 and HIV-1 antigens and to synthetic SIV peptides [45,46]. HIV-2-exposed uninfected (EU) individuals have been studied only once before, in six female commercial sex workers (CSW) in The Gambia, two of whom had HIV-2-specific immune responses [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses in HIV-2-infected and in HIV-2-exposed but uninfected individuals in Guinea-Bissau

Andersson

Larsen

Silva

et al. 2005

Clinical and Experimental Immunology

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SummaryHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses were determined in cultures of peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HIV-2-exposed uninfected individuals, HIV-2-infected individuals and HIV-negative controls in Guinea-Bissau. Increased HIV-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses were detected in both groups compared to HIV-negative controls (healthy HIV-uninfected individuals without known exposure to an HIV-infected person); five out of 29 of the HIV-2-exposed uninfected and half (16 of 32) of the HIV-2-infected individuals had stimulation indexes > > > > 2, compared to one out of 49 of the HIV-negative controls ( P = = = = 0·003 and P < < < < 0·0001, respectively). The exposed uninfected individuals had reactivity to a HIV-2 V3-peptide corresponding to amino acids 311-326 of the envelope glycoprotein, while the HIV-2-infected people reacted mainly to HIV-2 whole viral lysate. Thus, this study demonstrates a high degree of HIV-2-specific T helper cell activity, as measured by lymphocyte proliferation, in HIV-2-exposed uninfected individuals as well as in HIV-2-infected subjects. These immune responses could be important for resistance to the infection and for the control of established infection and, thus, play a role in the lower transmission and progression of HIV-2 compared to HIV-1.

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T-helper cross reactivity to viral recombinant proteins in HIV-2-infected patients

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Gag-Specific CD4⁺T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Gag-Specific CD4⁺T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Polyfunctional T cell responses are a hallmark of HIV‐2 infection

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses in HIV-2-infected and in HIV-2-exposed but uninfected individuals in Guinea-Bissau

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T-helper cross reactivity to viral recombinant proteins in HIV-2-infected patients

Cited by 18 publications

References 0 publications

Gag-Specific CD4+T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Gag-Specific CD4+T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Polyfunctional T cell responses are a hallmark of HIV‐2 infection

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-2-specific T lymphocyte proliferative responses in HIV-2-infected and in HIV-2-exposed but uninfected individuals in Guinea-Bissau

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Product

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Gag-Specific CD4⁺T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1

Gag-Specific CD4⁺T-Cell Frequency Is Inversely Correlated with Proviral Load and Directly Correlated with Immune Activation in Infection with Human Immunodeficiency Virus Type 2 (HIV-2) but Not HIV-1