T Cell Responses to Whole SARS Coronavirus in Humans

Li, Chris Ka Fai; Wu, Hao; Hu, Yan; Ma, Shiwu; Wang, Lili; Zhang, Mingxia; Tang, Xiaoping; Temperton, Nigel; Weiss, Robin A.; Brenchley, Jason M.; Douek, Daniel C.; Mongkolsapaya, Juthathip; Tran, Bac Hai; Chen, Lin; Screaton, Gavin; Hou, Jin; McMichael, Andrew J.; Xu, Xiao Ning

doi:10.4049/jimmunol.181.8.5490

Cited by 480 publications

(580 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Another study reported that the frequency of memory CD4 + T cells was significantly higher in patients with severe SARS in comparison with those with mild-to-moderate illness (17). The severe illness was also associated with a more robust IgG response (7,9).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Of course, T cell responses are known to play their roles in protection against many viral infections and in supporting an anamnestic Ab response, because the anamnestic response of B cells depends on Agspecific memory CD4 + T cells for rapid reactivation and differentiation into Ab-secreting cells (14). Cellular immune responses to SARS-CoV were confirmed in both SARS patients and experimental animals (15,16), Memory T cell responses were detected in patients recovering from SARS 1, 2, and even 4 y later, although with a clear decline over time (17)(18)(19). Whether the memory T cell response will be maintained at a detectable level thereafter remains to be investigated.…”

Section: S Evere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Is An Emerging Infmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Tang

Yan

Xin

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

503

454

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Six years have passed since the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). Previous studies indicated that specific Abs to SARS-related coronavirus (SARS-CoV) waned over time in recovered SARS patients. It is critical to find out whether a potential anamnestic response, as seen with other viral infections, exists to protect a person from reinfection in case of another SARS outbreak. Recovered SARS patients were followed up to 6 y to estimate the longevity of specific Ab. The specific memory B cell and T cell responses to SARS-CoV Ags were measured by means of ELISPOT assay. Factors in relation to humoral and cellular immunity were investigated. Six years postinfection, specific IgG Ab to SARS-CoV became undetectable in 21 of the 23 former patients. No SARS-CoV Ag-specific memory B cell response was detected in either 23 former SARS patients or 22 close contacts of SARS patients. Memory T cell responses to a pool of SARS-CoV S peptides were identified in 14 of 23 (60.9%) recovered SARS patients, whereas there was no such specific response in either close contacts or healthy controls. Patients with more severe clinical manifestations seemed to present a higher level of Ag-specific memory T cell response. SARS-specific IgG Ab may eventually vanish and peripheral memory B cell responses are undetectable in recovered SARS patients. In contrast, specific T cell anamnestic responses can be maintained for at least 6 y. These findings have applications in preparation for the possible reemergence of SARS.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: S Evere Acute Respiratory Syndrome (Sars) Is An Emerging Infmentioning

confidence: 95%

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Tang

Yan

Xin

et al. 2011

The Journal of Immunology

503

454

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Both CD4ϩ and CD8ϩ T cell responses to the epitopes from SARS-CoV have been observed in the peripheral blood of patients [21]. HLA class II-restricted T cell responses have been investigated in SARS-CoV as well as other viruses and may be important in immunologic control against SARS [22,23].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Association of human leukocyte antigen class II alleles with severe acute respiratory syndrome in the Vietnamese population

Keicho¹,

Itoyama²,

Kashiwase³

et al. 2009

Human Immunology

108

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“…Since ex vivo ICS of patients' PBMC failed to detect measurable responses, PBMC were stimulated once in vitro with a pool of overlapping 18-mer peptides spanning the full length NY-ESO-1 protein, following a similar method to that previously described. 13 The background values for IFN-g production by CD8…”

Section: Safetymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The following series of 18- Thawed patient PBMC were cultured in RPMI-1640 (Sigma, St. Louis, MO) 10% heat-inactivated human plasma (Sigma H4522) supplemented (RH10) with 2 mM L-glutamine, 10 mM HEPES, 1 mM sodium pyruvate, non-essential amino acids (13), penicillin (25,000 U)/streptomycin (25 mg), 50 mM bmercaptoethanol. After 2 hr resting, 5-8 3 10 6 patient PBMCs were stimulated for 3 days with 2 mg/mL pooled 18-mer overlapping peptides that spanned the whole NY-ESO-1 protein in culture medium containing 25 ng/mL of IL-7 (PeproTech, Cat.…”

Section: Overlapping Peptidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

NY‐ESO‐1 specific antibody and cellular responses in melanoma patients primed with NY‐ESO‐1 protein in ISCOMATRIX and boosted with recombinant NY‐ESO‐1 fowlpox virus

Chen

Dawoodji

Tarlton

et al. 2014

Intl Journal of Cancer

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Vaccination strategies based on repeated injections of NY-ESO-1 protein formulated in ISCOMATRIX particles (NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX) have shown to elicit combined NY-ESO-1 specific antibody and T cell responses. However, it remains unclear whether heterologous prime-boost strategies based on the combination with NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX with different NY-ESO-1 boosting reagents could be used to increase NY-ESO-1 CD8 1 or CD4 1 T cell responses. To address this question, we carried out a randomized clinical trial in 39 high-risk, resected melanoma patients vaccinated with NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX, and then boosted with repeated injections of either recombinant fowlpox virus encoding full length NY-ESO-1 (rF-NY-ESO-1) (Arm A) or NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX alone (Arm B). We have comprehensively analyzed NY-ESO-1 specific T cells and B cells response in all patients before and after vaccination for a total of seven time points per patient. NY-ESO-1 ISCOMATRIX alone elicited a strong NY-ESO-1 specific CD4 1 T cell and antibody response, which was maintained by both regiments at similar levels. Current vaccination strategies based on the use of recombinant viruses are failing to elicit specific T-cell responses similar to those generated by natural infections. The limited success of recombinant viruses as delivery vectors for T cell vaccines is mainly due to their high immunogenicity, resulting in an overwhelming immune response focused on the viral-vector proteins rather than on the desired recombinant protein antigens. 1 However, it remains unclear whether recombinant viruses can be used to boost the magnitude of immune responses elicited by the prior injection of recombinant immunogenic proteins.The cancer-testis antigen NY-ESO-1 is an attractive target antigen for cancer therapy, as it is expressed in many cancer types, but not normal tissues, except testis.2 Although promising results in various NY-ESO-1 formulations have been reported in recent cancer vaccine studies, 3-6 the optimal strategy for generating integrated antibody and T cell responses to control tumor growth has yet to be determined.ISCOMATRIX adjuvant is comprised of saponin, cholesterol and phospholipid and is capable of associating with proteins to form ISCOMATRIX vaccines.7 Recombinant

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T Cell Responses to Whole SARS Coronavirus in Humans

Cited by 480 publications

References 32 publications

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Lack of Peripheral Memory B Cell Responses in Recovered Patients with Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome: A Six-Year Follow-Up Study

Association of human leukocyte antigen class II alleles with severe acute respiratory syndrome in the Vietnamese population

NY‐ESO‐1 specific antibody and cellular responses in melanoma patients primed with NY‐ESO‐1 protein in ISCOMATRIX and boosted with recombinant NY‐ESO‐1 fowlpox virus

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