T Cell–Dendritic Cell Interaction Dynamics during the Induction of Respiratory Tolerance and Immunity

Abstract

Dendritic cells (DCs) residing in the lung are known to acquire inhaled Ag and, after migration to the draining bronchial lymph node (brLN), to present it to naive T cells in an either tolerogenic or immunogenic context. To visualize endogenous lung-derived DCs, we applied fluorescent latex beads (LXs) intratracheally, thereby in vivo labeling the majority of phagocytic cells within the lung. Of note, LX-bearing cells subsequently arriving in the draining brLN were found to represent lung-derived migratory DCs. Imaging explanted brLN by two-photon laser-scanning microscopy, we quantitatively analyzed the migration and interaction behavior of naive CD4+ T cells and endogenous, lung-derived DC presenting airway-delivered Ag under inflammatory or noninflammatory conditions. Ag-specific naive CD4+ T cells engaged in stable as well as transient contacts with LX-bearing DCs in both situations and displayed similar overall motility kinetics, including a pronounced decrease in motility at 16–20 h after antigenic challenge. In contrast, the comparative analysis of T cell–DC cluster sizes as well as contact durations strongly suggests that lung-derived migratory DCs and naive CD4+ T cells form more stable, long-lasting contacts under inflammatory conditions favoring the induction of respiratory immunity.

Uptake of Particulate Antigens in a Nonmammalian Lung: Phenotypic and Functional Characterization of Avian Respiratory Phagocytes Using Bacterial or Viral Antigens

“…In chicken lungs, we identified cells that decreased the pH of their endosomal compartment after the uptake of a bead (CD11 + , KUL01 + , and CD40 + phagocytes) and cells that did not (MHC II + and CD80 + phagocytes), suggesting that in chicken MPhs also are functionally distinct from DCs. A large proportion of beads was taken up by MPhs, as also was published for the uptake in mouse RT (15). MPhs and DCs had different anatomical locations, with CD11 + and KUL01 + cells, the populations containing the MPhs, located in the interstitial tissue of the parabronchial wall and in the interatrial septa.…”

“…In mammals, numerous studies have been performed on the uptake of Ags by airway DCs and MPhs (11)(12)(13)(14)(15) MHC II high and induce high levels of OVA-specific T cell proliferation (15).…”

The Nasal Dendritic Cell-Targeting Flt3 Ligand as a Safe Adjuvant Elicits Effective Protection against Fatal Pneumococcal Pneumonia

“…Further, increased frequencies of CD11b ϩ DCs were also seen in mice given nasal rPspA plus pFL. Recent reports showed that the interactions between CD4 ϩ T cells and DCs play a key role in the induction of pulmonary immunity (1) and that DCs polarize initial CD4 ϩ T cell activation toward Th2-type immune responses (33). Further, our previous and present studies showed that nasal pFL elicited CD8…”

The role of IL-10 in microbiome-associated immune modulation and disease tolerance

“…In the lung, tDCs have also been described [163]. Interestingly, the fungal metabolite galiellalactone has been shown to induce IL-10 production in CD11c + lung DCs [164].…”