T-Cell Antigen Receptor-Induced Signal-Transduction Pathways. Activation and Function of Protein Kinases C in T Lymphocytes

Abstract

CONTENTS. T-cell activation--Structure of the T-cell antigen receptor--Modular organisation of the T-cell antigen receptor--T-cell antigen receptor-coupled signaling pathways: Activation of protein-tyrosine kinase by the T-cell antigen receptor; Signal transduction in lymphoid cells involves several protein-tyrosine kinases in parallel; Regulation of T-cell antigen receptor signaling by the phosphoprotein phosphatase CD45--Consequences of T-cell antigen receptor-induced tyrosine phosphorylation: Activation of phosphoinositol-lipid-turnover pathways--Activation of phospholipase C-gamma-1: p59fyn or p56lck?--G-protein motif of CD3-gamma: relevance for signal transduction--Association of lipid kinase with the T-cell antigen receptor--Intracellular signaling by phospholipid metabolites and calcium: activation of protein kinase C--Protein kinase C isoenzymes--Heterogenity of protein kinase C and mode of activation--Phospholipid-derived mediators in activation of protein kinase C in T-cells--Role of phospholipase D metabolites in activation of protein kinase C--Polyunsaturated fatty acids and lysophosphatidylcholine as activators of protein kinase C--Potein kinase C and p21ras function in interdependent and distinct signaling pathways during T-cell activation--Raf-1 kinase: regulator or target of protein kinase C?--Summary and perspectives.

Functional expression of the P2Y14 receptor in murine T‐lymphocytes

“…This presumably reflects the different signalling pathways involved in IL-2-and anti-CD3 antibody-induced T-cell proliferation. IL-2-mediated signalling predominantly involves activation of JAK/STAT pathways, whereas activation of the T-cell antigen receptor (via anti-CD3 antibody) triggers NFAT and PKC (Szamel & Resch, 1995;Liu et al, 1998). It is notable that although all four agonists reduced T-cell proliferation, only UDP-glucose inhibited forskolininduced adenylyl cyclase activity, suggesting that the attenuation of T-cell proliferation is independent of changes in intracellular cAMP levels.…”

The G protein β3 subunit 825T allele is a genetic marker for enhanced T cell response

“…Some evidence indicated that a G protein couples the T cell receptor to phospholipase C [12]. But direct evidence is lacking supporting the involvement of a G protein in T cell receptor-mediated activation of phospholipase C-Q1 [13]. Other authors refused the idea of this direct coupling [14].…”

Nuclear accumulation of c‐myc mRNA in phytohaemagglutinin‐activated T lymphocytes treated with anti‐HLA class I monoclonal antibody

“…(2) A dual e¡ect of PKC on c-myc expression has been described. PKC activation by phorbol esters induces HL-60 and U-937 cells to di¡erentiate along the monocytic lineage [5,25] and the expression of c-myc is reduced [26,27]. In contrast, activation of PKC in resting cells induced expression of c-myc.…”