T-AODV: A trust-based routing against black-hole attacks in VANETs

Abstract

Vehicular Ad Hoc Network (VANET) is a key component in the Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) with a number of applications for safety, tra c management, emergency services, entertainment, and so on. These applications are implemented by exchanging data among the nodes in an open, dynamic, and distributed fashion, and hence VANETs are vulnerable to different network attacks. For examples, DoS and black-hole attacks can be easily executed in VANETs, and strongly affect the routing protocol and its functionality. Through the nature of VANETs, trust management is considered one of the practical means to secure these networks. In this paper, we propose an up-to-date dynamic entity-centric trust model for VANETs, called T-AODV. We use social science techniques to apply weight and fuzzy logic theory and identify the malicious nodes. Our NS2 simulation results indicate that T-AODV can be more resists in contact with black-hole attacks by boosting the security of AODV routing protocol. T-AODV slightly increases the routing overhead of AODV and provides better performance than the existing I-AODV scheme. IntroductionRecently the proliferation of demand for security and e ciency of road transportation procedure have persuaded the originators to integrate wireless communications and networking in vehicles. In VANETs, vehicles collaborate to disseminate miscellaneous data messages using multi-hop paths, without the need for centralized supervision [1, 2]. Additionally, VANET is gaining more popularity, since this communication network can improve transferring users' data, internet access, detection of transportation tra c congestion, and so on [3][4][5].Being structure-less, decentralized, and highly mobile are the intricate characters of VANETs that create several security issues. For instance, vehicles can play a role in VANET as sender or receiver and convey and acquire messages about the circumstances that witnessed and also fake information in this unstable perimeter as an autonomous device. Therefore, during the data exchange between distributed nodes, VANETs become vulnerable to many types of attacks. Finding an e cient solution to address the trustworthiness of messages and vehicles is a challenging task in VANET [6,7].Cryptography is the best-known technique to guarantee authenticity, privacy protection and con dentiality. Nonetheless, the cryptographic materials cannot cope with some issues such as authenticated sel sh vehicles, excessive dynamicity of the VANET topology, and etc. Thus, as a denouement and unanimity between researchers, they have emerged as inquisitive about the trust management in VANETs, to support the cooperation between entities, detect sel sh and misbehaving ones, and make certain dependable information conveyance and enhance the decision-making process [8][9][10]. Trust-based approaches can be categorized into three classes based on the principle assessment object, entity-centric, data-centric, and a combination of these trust models. In addition, interaction of entity trustworthiness an...