Systolic Blood Pressure Is Associated with Increased Brain Amyloid Load in Mild Cognitively Impaired Participants: Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiatives Study

Fungwe, Thomas V.; Ngwa, Julius S.; Johnson, Steven P.; Turner, Jilian V; Ruiz, Mara I Ramirez; Ogunlana, Oludolapo; Bedada, Fikru B.; Nadarajah, Sheeba; Ntekim, Oyonumo; Obisesan, Thomas O.

doi:10.1159/000528117

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 53 publications

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“…In line with these findings, our study showed a similar effect, where higher BP was associated with myelin reduction and cortical thinning 93 . Furthermore, our findings indicated a significant association between the brain pattern, disease progression and hypertension, aligning with existing research in this field 94,95 .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Joint signatures of morphological and microstructural inter-individual variation in the Alzheimer’s spectrum

Bussy,

Patel,

Parent

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is primarily characterized by the accumulation of amyloid and tau pathologies. However, alterations in the detailed organization and composition of neural tissue also contribute to the disease's early stages. Here, we sought to explore whether hippocampal and cortical microstructural changes, such as myelin alterations and inflammation-mediated increases in iron, could serve as indices of AD-related pathophysiology. In this study, we included 158 participants across the AD spectrum: from individuals without cognitive impairment, at high risk for AD, in the prodromal phase with mild cognitive impairment, and suffering from clinical dementia. We measured atrophy using structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and estimated myelin and iron content using quantitative MRI (qMRI) metrics derived from T1 and T2* relaxation, times respectively. We integrated these contrasts to estimate a joint multivariate signature of tissue alterations across the cortex and hippocampus using non-negative matrix factorization. The relevance of these signatures to AD-spectrum measures of medical history, lifestyle, and cognition were further explored using partial least squares correlation. Our results reveal lower disease-related cortical thickness over large areas of the cortex while T2* provided specific variation across the brain (lower in dorsomedial and superior temporal areas, superior frontal cortex, and premotor cortex, and higher in the occipital lobe). Additionally, we observed longer T1 and T2* times in the hippocampus associated with specific lifestyle risk factors like past smoking, high blood pressure, high cholesterol levels, and higher anxiety. These patterns were significantly related to older age, associated with AD progression, being female, and being an APOE-ϵ4 carrier. Taken together, our results suggest that qMRI metrics could serve as a valuable non-invasive tool for exploring the role of myelin and inflammation in AD-related pathophysiology and could be sensitive to modifiable risk factors related to lifestyle and medical history. Future studies may use these signatures to investigate their relationship in investigations related to lifestyle interventions or novel therapeutics.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 91%

Joint signatures of morphological and microstructural inter-individual variation in the Alzheimer’s spectrum

Bussy,

Patel,

Parent

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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Distinct effects of blood pressure parameters on Alzheimer’s and vascular markers in 1,952 Asian individuals without dementia

Lee,

Kim,

Jang

et al. 2024

Alz Res Therapy

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Background Risk factors for cardiovascular disease, including elevated blood pressure, are known to increase risk of Alzheimer’s disease. There has been increasing awareness of the relationship between long-term blood pressure (BP) patterns and their effects on the brain. We aimed to investigate the association of repeated BP measurements with Alzheimer’s and vascular disease markers. Methods We recruited 1,952 participants without dementia between August 2015 and February 2022. During serial clinic visits, we assessed both systolic BP (SBP) and diastolic BP (DBP), and visit-to-visit BP variability (BPV) was quantified from repeated measurements. In order to investigate the relationship of mean SBP (or DBP) with Alzheimer’s and vascular markers and cognition, we performed multiple linear and logistic regression analyses after controlling for potential confounders (Model 1). Next, we investigated the relationship of with variation of SBP (or DBP) with the aforementioned variables by adding it into Model 1 (Model 2). In addition, mediation analyses were conducted to determine mediation effects of Alzheimer’s and vascular makers on the relationship between BP parameters and cognitive impairment. Results High Aβ uptake was associated with greater mean SBP (β = 1.049, 95% confidence interval 1.016–1.083). High vascular burden was positively associated with mean SBP (odds ratio = 1.293, 95% CI 1.015–1.647) and mean DBP (1.390, 1.098–1.757). High tau uptake was related to greater systolic BPV (0.094, 0.001–0.187) and diastolic BPV (0.096, 0.007–0.184). High Aβ uptake partially mediated the relationship between mean SBP and the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores. Hippocampal atrophy mediated the relationship between diastolic BPV and MMSE scores. Conclusions Each BP parameter affects Alzheimer’s and vascular disease markers differently, which in turn leads to cognitive impairment. Therefore, it is necessary to appropriately control specific BP parameters to prevent the development of dementia. Furthermore, a better understanding of pathways from specific BP parameters to cognitive impairments might enable us to select the managements targeting the specific BP parameters to prevent dementia effectively.

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Systolic Blood Pressure Is Associated with Increased Brain Amyloid Load in Mild Cognitively Impaired Participants: Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiatives Study

Cited by 2 publications

References 53 publications

Joint signatures of morphological and microstructural inter-individual variation in the Alzheimer’s spectrum

Joint signatures of morphological and microstructural inter-individual variation in the Alzheimer’s spectrum

Distinct effects of blood pressure parameters on Alzheimer’s and vascular markers in 1,952 Asian individuals without dementia

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