1995
DOI: 10.1007/978-3-642-57791-8
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Systemtheorie

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Cited by 7 publications
(6 citation statements)
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“…The most fundamental question regards the relationship between equality and democracy: if the equality principle is only interpreted in its strict sense, i.e., as a prohibition of any differentiation in order to guarantee the equality of chances for all voters, the democratic principle is understood in merely quantitative terms (and reduced to a 'pure' majoritarian principle) with the consequent political exclusion of structural minorities. 113 This is not tolerable when, due to structural disadvantages, any future change between majority and minority (position) is excluded. In these situations, cooperation between the majority and minority is necessary, to be guaranteed by the functional representation and participation of the minority, not only in a symbolic way, but as effective political participation and influence over decisions.…”
Section: Implementation Of Effective Political Participation: Conludimentioning
confidence: 98%
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“…The most fundamental question regards the relationship between equality and democracy: if the equality principle is only interpreted in its strict sense, i.e., as a prohibition of any differentiation in order to guarantee the equality of chances for all voters, the democratic principle is understood in merely quantitative terms (and reduced to a 'pure' majoritarian principle) with the consequent political exclusion of structural minorities. 113 This is not tolerable when, due to structural disadvantages, any future change between majority and minority (position) is excluded. In these situations, cooperation between the majority and minority is necessary, to be guaranteed by the functional representation and participation of the minority, not only in a symbolic way, but as effective political participation and influence over decisions.…”
Section: Implementation Of Effective Political Participation: Conludimentioning
confidence: 98%
“…After a structural decline and a draft for reform of the electoral law of the Land aiming at a higher threshold of 7.5 per cent, the party of the Danish minority, the Südschleswigscher Wählerverband (SSW) initiated two proceedings before the Federal Constitutional Court. 44 On the basis of a proportional electoral system in Schleswig-Holstein, the Court had to resolve the issue of a "privileged position [of the minority party] in the electoral process" 45 and its justification as an "exception" from the principle of equality of the vote. 46 The two judgements shed light on the interrelations between the individual right of the voters, the right of the minority party to equal competition and the right of minorities to be represented (the latter exercised by the minority party).…”
Section: Proportional Electoral Systems With and Without Thresholdsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…The latter can be explained by the so called deterministic uncertainty relation [7] of the Fourier transform stated s AF = l/ΔΤ , where AT estimates the signal duration of a impulse-like signal and AF is the band width of such a signal in the frequency domain. These signal characteristics can be determined for each ERF for the above defined time interval [α,β].…”
Section: Determination Of Erf Signal Parametersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These signal characteristics can be determined for each ERF for the above defined time interval [α,β]. Denoting the time average of a signal g(n) for this interval s (7) we have estimated the mean amplitude level and mean frequency value by a, =mv(e,) and 0, =wv( > f ), and the latency r, by r, =|λ for i = l . In dependence on the choscn M iilter the obtained estinmtcs an: related to a single IRl· 01 to smoothcd HRFs.…”
Section: Determination Of Erf Signal Parametersmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Applying a low-pass filtering procedure of the first order with a continuous-time system function [7]…”
Section: Peak Value Determinationmentioning
confidence: 99%