Systems vaccinology and big data in the vaccine development chain

Raeven, René H. M.; Riet, Elly van; Meiring, Hugo D.; Metz, Bernard; Kersten, Gideon

doi:10.1111/imm.13012

Cited by 64 publications

(56 citation statements)

References 178 publications

(192 reference statements)

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“…To handle evidence diversity, immunoinformatics uses tools that cut across several aspects of bioinformatics such as creation and management of databases, 34,35 use and definition of both structural and functional signatures and the formation and application of predictive tools. [35][36][37] These strategies can synergize toward a better understanding of the immune system of both man and animals and fight against some less predictable pathogenesis. The complex nature of vertebrates' immune system, the variable nature of pathogens and environmental antigens coupled with the multi-regulatory pathways show that colossal quantities of data will be needed to unveil how the human immune systems work.…”

Section: Immunoinformatics and Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Immunoinformatics and Vaccine Development: An Overview</p>

Oli

Obialor

Ifeanyichukwu

et al. 2020

ITT

144

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The use of vaccines have resulted in a remarkable improvement in global health. It has saved several lives, reduced treatment costs and raised the quality of animal and human lives. Current traditional vaccines came empirically with either vague or completely no knowledge of how they modulate our immune system. Even at the face of potential vaccine design advance, immune-related concerns (as seen with specific vulnerable populations, cases of emerging/reemerging infectious disease, pathogens with complex lifecycle and antigenic variability, need for personalized vaccinations, and concerns for vaccines' immunological safety -specifically vaccine likelihood to trigger non-antigen-specific responses that may cause autoimmunity and vaccine allergy) are being raised. And these concerns have driven immunologists toward research for a better approach to vaccine design that will consider these challenges. Currently, immunoinformatics has paved the way for a better understanding of some infectious disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, immune system response and computational vaccinology. The importance of this immunoinformatics in the study of infectious diseases is diverse in terms of computational approaches used, but is united by common qualities related to host-pathogen relationship. Bioinformatics methods are also used to assign functions to uncharacterized genes which can be targeted as a candidate in vaccine design and can be a better approach toward the inclusion of women that are pregnant into vaccine trials and programs. The essence of this review is to give insight into the need to focus on novel computational, experimental and computation-driven experimental approaches for studying of host-pathogen interactions and thus making a case for its use in vaccine development.

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Section: Immunoinformatics and Infectious Diseasementioning

confidence: 99%

<p>Immunoinformatics and Vaccine Development: An Overview</p>

Oli

Obialor

Ifeanyichukwu

et al. 2020

ITT

144

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show abstract

“…This approach has been applied to a wide range of pathogens and has provided a long list of antigens whose functionality was unknown [12]. Further studies on the function of each antigen also allow a better understanding of the biology of pathogens.…”

Section: Reverse Vaccinologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Virus-Like Particles: Applications in Reverse Vaccinology

A¹,

Pastorini²,

Borio³

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Vaccination has been one of the most successful and the most significant scientific advances in human health and life expectancy all around the globe. The World Health Organization considers that immunization should be recognized as the main component of human health right, due to the fact that vaccination prevents 2.5 million deaths annually (World Health Organization, 2011). The most successful vaccines have been developed using conventional methods that follow the paradigm established by Pasteur: "to isolate, inactivate and inject" the pathogen microorganism and mimic a natural infection. Recently, metagenomics have played an important role in the discovery of new immunogens for vaccine design and the selection of antigens based on genomic information. The main approach that has used this strategy has been called "reverse vaccinology". This promising and arising field allows the screening of the entire potential antigenic repertoire of an organism using predictive bioinformatic tools. Once the antigenic protein or proteins have been selected, they are expressed and purified using molecular cloning and in vitro expression techniques. Following the in vitro production step, they are probed in animal models to evaluate the in vivo protective strength of the immune response. The main aim of this in vivo approach is to evaluate the ability of the immune response to eliminate or neutralize the pathogen at the time of infection. Those antigens capable of generate a specific immune response with neutralizing activity for natural infections are the best candidate vaccines. In this review we summarize the evolution of vaccinology since its inception, with special emphasis on the development of VLPs as vaccine platforms and their future in preventive medicine and we introduce a new recombinant platform for antigen presentation based on Junin virus VLPs (JUNV-VLPs).

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“…This holistic approach of systems biology, when applied to studies of vaccine-induced immune responses, is known as system vaccinology (Pulendran et al, 2010). This research field will provide tools not only for the rational vaccine design but also for the development of novel adjuvants and vaccine delivery systems (Raeven et al, 2019). In this Frontiers Research Topic, some concepts of modern vaccinology are explored.…”

Section: Editorial On the Research Topic Molecular Vaccines Against Pmentioning

confidence: 99%