Systems model‐guided rice yield improvements based on genes controlling source, sink, and flow

Li, Pan; Chang, Tiangen; Chang, Shuoqi; Ouyang, Xiang; Qu, Mingnan; Song, Qingfeng; Xiao, Langtao; Xia, Shitou; Deng, Qipan; Zhu, Xin-Guang

doi:10.1111/jipb.12738

Cited by 19 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 185 publications

(332 reference statements)

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“…High yield is obviously a major target of crop breeding efforts, and we know that yield is strongly impacted by source-sink balance for sugars (Smith et al, 2018). Given the strong developmental impacts of sugar repression in plants, simply increasing source strength does not work particularly well to obtain yield improvements (Li et al, 2018;Rodrigues et al, 2019). In the present study, both rgga and xrn4-5 plants showed rapid growth phenotypes upon exogenous sucrose supply.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

The RNA-binding protein RGGA is a sugar-responsive cofactor of the 5'-3' exonuclease XRN4 that post-transcriptionally meditates plant growth

Zhang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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Sugar-regulated gene expression is a ubiquitous mechanism for carbohydrate allocation and utilization by keeping a balance among source and sink organs in plants. Previous studies have shown that excess sugar represses the expression of the genes implicated in photosynthesis and sugar metabolism. However, the mechanism is still largely unknown. Here, we found that the mutant of Arabidopsis RGGA, RGG repeats RNA-binding protein A coding gene, grew faster than wild type (Col-0) in MS medium. In rgga, mRNA half-live of the genes related to sucrose transport and metabolism, chlorophyll synthesis, root development as well as certain transcription factors was obviously longer than those of Col-0. Further study revealed that AtRGGA could interact with 5'-3' exonuclease AtXRN4, and guide it to the target mRNAs for their degradation. When AtRGGA is absent or its interaction domain is deleted, AtXRN4 self can't recognize the target mRNAs, which leads to a dramatically increase in transcript levels of the above gene subsets, and thus promotes the growth of Arabidopsis with exogenous sucrose supply. And only 5-day sucrose supply could trigger the vigorous growth of rgga. These findings suggest that the regulation of mRNA stability mediated by RGGA plays a critical role in sugar suppression, and implicates a possibility to unlock the growth potential by modulating sugar utilization at post-transcriptional level in plants.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 58%

The RNA-binding protein RGGA is a sugar-responsive cofactor of the 5'-3' exonuclease XRN4 that post-transcriptionally meditates plant growth

Zhang

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Source is defined as tissues producing photosynthesis such as the upper three leaves, especially the flag leaf, sheath, and so on. Sink is defined as tissues which absorb and utilize photosynthesis, with spikelets being the major primary sink for rice (Li et al, 2018b). The vascular bundle as flow is the transport system that interconnects all parts of the crops, extending from the stem into leaves, and down into the root system, and it determines how crops efficiently deliver photosynthetic products, mineral nutrients and water from source to sink (Housley and Peterson, 1982).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In recent years, several QTL related to source, sink, and flow have been identified and cloned from natural variations, such as sink-related genes Gn1a (Ashikari et al, 2005), DEP1 (Huang et al, 2009), IPA1 (Jiao et al, 2010), SPIKE (Fujita et al, 2013), GNP1 (Wu et al, 2016). Unfortunately, these genes have not been effectively utilized in modern crop breeding (Li et al, 2018b), with the exception of a limited number of genes such as IPA1 (Jiao et al, 2010) and DEP1 (Huang et al, 2009). Ohsumi et al (2011) reported that NILs carrying superior Gn1a and APO1 alleles did not significantly increase grain yield in the geng genetic background because of lack of sufficient substrate supply to fully meet the increased sink demand, illustrating the importance of the harmony between sink size, and source capacity for achieving high rice yield.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pleiotropic Effect of GNP1 Underlying Grain Number per Panicle on Sink, Source and Flow in Rice

et al. 2020

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Rice yield potential is largely determined by the balance among source capacity, sink strength, and flow fluency. Our previous study indicated that the gene GNP1 encoding gibberellin biosynthesis gene GA20ox1 affects grain number per panicle (GNP) in rice, thus resulting in increase of grain yield. To clarify GNP1 effect on sink, source and flow in regulating rice grain yield, we compared Lemont, a japonica (geng) cultivar, with its nearisogenic line (NIL-GNP1 TQ ) in Lemont background with introgression of the allele at GNP1 from Teqing, a high-yielding indica (xian) cultivar. NIL-GNP1 TQ exhibited averagely 32.8% more GNP than Lemont with the compensation by reduced seed setting rate, panicle number and single-grain weight. However, NIL-GNP1 TQ still produced averagely 7.2% higher grain yield than Lemont in two years, mainly attributed to significantly more filled grain number per panicle, and greater vascular system contributing to photoassimilates transport to spikelets. The significantly decreased grain weight of superior spikelets (SS) in NIL-GNP1 TQ was ascribed to a significant decrease of grain size while the significantly decreased grain weight of inferior spikelets (IS) ascribed to both grain size and poor grainfilling as compared with Lemont. The low activities of key enzymes of carbon metabolism might account for the poor grain-filling in IS, which resulted in more unfilled grains or small grain bulk density in NIL-GNP1 TQ . In addition, low seed setting rate and grain weight of IS in NIL-GNP1 TQ might be partially resulted from significantly lower carbohydrate accumulation in culms and leaf sheath before heading compared with Lemont. Our results indicated that significantly increased GNP from introgression of GNP1 TQ into Lemont did not highly significantly improve grain yield of NIL-GNP1 TQ as expected, due primarily to significant low sink activities in IS and possible insufficient source supply which didn't fully meet the increased sink capacity. The results provided useful information for improving rice yield potential through reasonably introgressing or pyramiding the favorable alleles underlying source-related or panicle number traits by marker-assisted selection.

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“…Ảnh hưởng của sucrose và các chất điều hòa tăng trưởng thực vật lên sự thay đổi hình thái của hoa đầu tăng cường sự sinh tổng hợp các protein tham gia trong pha S của chu trình tế bào, trong khi cytokinin tác động trên sự phosphoryl hóa các protein kiểm soát quá trình lão suy tế bào9 . Hơn nữa, auxin và cytokinin còn có vai trò thu hút và phân phối các chất dinh dưỡng (sự điều hòa nguồn -bể) bằng cách điều hòa hoạt động của enzyme tham gia vào con đường vận chuyển sucrose theo con đường apoplast14 . Nếu như xử lý với auxin và cytokinin giúp kéo dài đời sống và gia tăng đường kính của hoa đầu cô lập, thì xử lý với acid salicylic bên cạnh việc giúp hoa kéo dài đời sống hoa đầu mà còn giúp hoa đầu giữ được màu sắc (Bảng 5, Hình 6).…”

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Study on the vase life of Chyrsanthemum indicum cultivar Sakura cutting flower

Tran

Hoàng

Trần

2020

Sci. Tech. Dev. J. - Nat. Sci.

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Chrysanthemum indicum cultivar Sakura is one of the daisy cultivars. It is beautiful, but the vase life of cutting flowers is very short. The decrease in flower quality during storage and transportation is a big problem in the flower export. In this study, the morphological, physiological, and biochemical changes during the vase life of cutting flowers were analyzed. The effects of plant growth regulators and sucrose at different concentrations on the vase life of cut flowers were investigated. The vase life of Sakura cutting flowers includes two stages: (1) the growing and blooming of flower, (2) senescence of cutting flowers. During the growing and blooming, the color of disk flowers changed from green to yellow, and the ray flowers continued to expand the dimension leading to an increase in the diameter of the head flower. The senescence of cutting flowers was initiated by the reduction of chlorophyll content in the leaf, which was located at the base. Then, the ray flowers were discolored. In the senescence stage, the respiration rate and the content of the abscisic acid of head flower increased continuously. In contrast, the water absorption, the content of starch, total sugar, salicylic acid, auxin, cytokinin, and gibberellin decreased strongly. The treatment of 10 g/L sucrose, 2 mg/L NAA, 5 mg/L BA, and 20 mg/L salicylic acid in 24 hours extended the vase life of Sakura cutting flowers and the diameter of the head flower.

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Systems model‐guided rice yield improvements based on genes controlling source, sink, and flow

Cited by 19 publications

References 185 publications

The RNA-binding protein RGGA is a sugar-responsive cofactor of the 5'-3' exonuclease XRN4 that post-transcriptionally meditates plant growth

The RNA-binding protein RGGA is a sugar-responsive cofactor of the 5'-3' exonuclease XRN4 that post-transcriptionally meditates plant growth

Pleiotropic Effect of GNP1 Underlying Grain Number per Panicle on Sink, Source and Flow in Rice

Study on the vase life of Chyrsanthemum indicum cultivar Sakura cutting flower

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