Systemic Treatment of Trichomoniasis with a Derivative of Nitro-imidazole, 8823 R.P

Durel, P; Roiron, Vera; Siboulet, A; Borel, Louis Jacques

doi:10.1136/sti.36.1.21

Cited by 38 publications

(35 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…This class was discovered in 1955 and was found to be highly effective against several protozoan infections (240). Metronidazole [1-(␤-hydroxyethyl)-2-methyl-5-nitroimidazole; Flagyl] was determined to be therapeutic against Trichomonas vaginalis and Entamoeba histolytica following its discovery in the late 1950s (67), and in 1962 Darbon et al reported that it could be used to treat giardiasis (57). Since this discovery, metronidazole and other nitroimidazoles have been used by clinicians as the mainstay of therapy of giardiasis.…”

Section: Classes Of Agents and Clinical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Giardiasis

2001

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Giardia lamblia is both the most common intestinal parasite in the United States and a frequent cause of diarrheal illness throughout the world. In spite of its recognition as an important human pathogen, there have been relatively few agents used in therapy. This paper discusses each class of drugs used in treatment, along with their mechanism of action, in vitro and clinical efficacy, and side effects and contraindications. Recommendations are made for the preferred treatment in different clinical situations. The greatest clinical experience is with the nitroimidazole drugs, i.e., metronidazole, tinidazole, and ornidazole, which are highly effective. A 5- to 7-day course of metronidazole can be expected to cure over 90% of individuals, and a single dose of tinidazole or ornidazole will cure a similar number. Quinacrine, which is no longer produced in the United States, has excellent efficacy but may be poorly tolerated, especially in children. Furazolidone is an effective alternative but must be administered four times a day for 7 to 10 days. Paromomycin may be used during early pregnancy, because it is not systematically absorbed, but it is not always effective. Patients who have resistant infection can usually be cured by a prolonged course of treatment with a combination of a nitroimidazole with quinacrine

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Section: Classes Of Agents and Clinical Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Giardiasis

2001

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“…Metronidazole has been the principal drug used to treat trichomoniasis since it was introduced in 1960 (12). Although resistance to metronidazole was first reported in 1962 (17), the drug is still effective, successfully treating approximately 90 to 95% of infections (5).…”

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confidence: 99%

Activities of Dicationic Compounds against Trichomonas vaginalis

Crowell

Stephens

Kumar

et al. 2004

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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We evaluated 44 novel cationic compounds for activity against metronidazole-sensitive and -resistant Trichomonas vaginalis isolates. Six compounds in three different structural classes demonstrated 50% inhibitory concentrations as low as 1 M against both sensitive and resistant isolates, suggesting a mode of action independent of parasite biochemical pathways that confer resistance to 5-nitroimidazoles.

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“…Metronidazole, the drug of choice for trichomoniasis and amoebiasis (9,20), has recently been shown to be effective against anaerobic bacteria in vitro and in limited clinical trials (26). Whelan and Hale (29) and Nastro and Finegold (19) demonstrated that, in addition to being bacteriostatic, metronidazole is also bactericidial in vitro against anaerobic bacteria.…”

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confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Anaerobic Bacteria: Recent Clinical Isolates

Staneck

Washington

1974

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Minimal inhibitory concentrations of clindamycin, minocycline, metronidazole, penicillin, and carbenicillin were determined by agar dilution against 150 recent clinical isolates of anaerobic bacteria. Ninety-nine percent of Bacteroides fragilis and all B. melaninogenicus, Clostridium perfringens, and Fusobacterium were inhibited by clindamycin at 3.1 Ag/ml. Only 58% of other clostridial species were inhibited by this concentration of clindamycin. Minocycline at 3.1 ,ug/ml inhibited 72%3 of C. perfringens, 81% of other Clostridium species, and 66, 75, and 100% of B. fragilis, B. melaninogenicus, and Fusobacterium, respectively. Metronidazole at 12.5 ug/ml inhibited all bacteria tested. B. fragilis was resistant to both penicillin and carbenicillin at 6.2 sg/ml. Concentrations of 25 ,g/ml for penicillin and 100 ,ug/ml for carbenicillin were needed to inhibit more than 90% of B. fragilis. Organisms other than B. fragilis were moderately or extremely susceptible to the penicillins.

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Systemic Treatment of Trichomoniasis with a Derivative of Nitro-imidazole, 8823 R.P

Cited by 38 publications

References 5 publications

Treatment of Giardiasis

Treatment of Giardiasis

Activities of Dicationic Compounds against Trichomonas vaginalis

Antimicrobial Susceptibilities of Anaerobic Bacteria: Recent Clinical Isolates

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