Systemic Signals Induced by Single and Combined Abiotic Stimuli in Common Bean Plants

Abstract

To survive in a dynamic environment growing fixed to the ground, plants have developed mechanisms for monitoring and perceiving the environment. When a stimulus is perceived, a series of signals are induced and can propagate away from the stimulated site. Three distinct types of systemic signaling exist, i.e., (i) electrical, (ii) hydraulic, and (iii) chemical, which differ not only in their nature but also in their propagation speed. Naturally, plants suffer influences from two or more stimuli (biotic and/or abiotic). Stimuli combination can promote the activation of new signaling mechanisms that are explicitly activated, as well as the emergence of a new response. This study evaluated the behavior of electrical (electrome) and hydraulic signals after applying simple and combined stimuli in common bean plants. We used simple and mixed stimuli applications to identify biochemical responses and extract information from the electrical and hydraulic patterns. Time series analysis, comparing the conditions before and after the stimuli and the oxidative responses at local and systemic levels, detected changes in electrome and hydraulic signal profiles. Changes in electrome are different between types of stimulation, including their combination, and systemic changes in hydraulic and oxidative dynamics accompany these electrical signals.

The Electrome of a Parasitic Plant in a Putative State of Attention Increases the Energy of Low Band Frequency Waves: A Comparative Study with Neural Systems

“…Another recent study on P. vulgaris analysed the electrome of local leaves (i.e., leaves that received heat and/or wounding stimuli) and systemic leaves (i.e., leaves that did not). In both the local and systemic leaves, the electromes presented a transiently decreased complexity accompanied with an increased correlation [39], thereby supporting the hypothesis that attention in these cases requires the synchronisation of all the modules. Putative attention in plants most likely leads to the generation of specific EPG patterns and electromic signatures, which are a phenomenon greatly facilitated by the mesological plasticity of plants in their singular milieu [40].…”

“…To visualise these analyses, the method time dispersion analysis of features (TDAF) was employed [ 39 ]. To generate the characteristics, the time series were divided into shorter series, and with TDAF, the temporal information of the position of each clipping of the time series was kept and taken to each feature.…”

A library of electrophysiological responses in plants - a model of transversal education and open science

“…In plants, generally, there are action potentials, variable potentials, long potentials, and slow potentials – the function of each being of continued debate. 34 However, it can be stated that an organism’s inability to generate an electrical signal can be considered a sign of organism death. 35 In the human world, for example, a human is not considered dead until they register a flat electroencephalogram.…”

Do environmental stimuli modify sensitive plant (Mimosa pudica L.) risk assessment?

“…We designed a multi-modal, or stress combination, experiment [39][40][41][42][43][44] to test sensitive plant threat assessment for environmental stimuli. The multimodal phenomenon occurs when stimuli provide information in more than one sensory modality simultaneously.…”