“…Within the literature on systems approaches for Community OR (Midgley et al, 1998(Midgley et al, , 2007Midgley, , 2016aBoyd et al, 2004;Midgley, 2003, 2006;Foote et al, 2007;Midgley and Pinzón, 2013;Helfgott, 2017), and also independently of it (Churchman, 1970;Ulrich, 1983;Midgley, 1992aMidgley, , 1994Yolles, 2001;Midgley and Pinzón, 2011), there is a systems theory and methodology called 'boundary critique', which emphasises the exploration of boundary distinctions. It particularly focuses on boundaries defining participation in Community OR projects and what is of value from the different perspectives of stakeholders.…”