Systemic Insecticides for the Control of Western Flower Thrips on Bulb Onions1

Hale, R. L.; Shorey, H. H.

doi:10.1093/jee/58.4.793

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…In peppers, SHOREY (1963) related the speed of effect of systemic insecticide granules to the water solubility of the toxicants when applied in a furrow next to the plant row for the control of aphid. Furrow treatments in onions have been used satisfactorily against onion-fly in Canada (PERRON and LAFRANCE 1962), but topical applications were quicker in controlling thrips, in seven days, while the effect of side-dressing lasted longer, for up to 31 days, in agreement with conclusions above (HALE and SHOREY 1965). In small grains, LILLY et al (1958) found toxic residues for 47 days but not as long as 68 days after the application of phorate and fertilizer, broadcast and disced into the soil, but SKOOG (1959) considered there was little hazard from residues after applying phorate and disulfoton granules at seed depth with winter wheat seed to prevent grasshopper damage, although early pasturing of livestock on such wheat might be dangerous.…”

Section: A) Methods Of Placementsupporting

confidence: 82%

Residue Reviews

1971

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Section: A) Methods Of Placementsupporting

confidence: 82%

Residue Reviews

1971

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“…The water solubility of imidacloprid (Marathon II) is 610 ppm (0.61 g/L at 208C) (Jeschke and Nauen 2008), which is much lower than thiamethoxam (Flagship), dinotefuran (Safari ), and acephate (Acephate). Consequently, imidacloprid takes longer to translocate through the vascular system (i.e., xylem and phloem) and spread throughout plant tissues (Hale andShorey 1965, Tomlin 1994), especially in woody plant tissue (Byrne and Toscano 2006). Due to the woodiness of the Itea plants, a lethal concentration of active ingredient may have taken longer to reach and accumulate in plant leaves where redheaded flea beetle adults feed (Cowles 2010), which likely accounted for the differences in redheaded flea beetle adult mortality between the two laboratory experiments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of Systemic Insecticides in Protecting Container-Grown Nursery Plants from Damage Caused by Field-Collected Populations of Redheaded Flea Beetle, Systena frontalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Adults

Cloyd

Herrick

2023

Journal of Entomological Science

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Systena frontalis (F.) is a major insect pest of nursery production systems in the Midwest, Northeast, and Southeast regions of the United States. Adults feed on plant leaves, which reduces salability of nursery-grown plants. There are limited options available to protect plants from S. frontalis adult feeding damage, and foliar insecticide applications are labor intensive. Systemic insecticides applied to the growing medium may protect plants from S. frontalis adult feeding. Consequently, in 2021 and 2022, we conducted two laboratory and two greenhouse experiments to determine if the systemic insecticides thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, cyantraniliprole, acephate, imidacloprid, and cyfluthrin + imidalcoprid protect plants from feeding by field-collected populations of S. frontalis adults. In the laboratory experiments, growing medium containing Itea plants was treated with the aforementioned systemic insecticides. Seven and 25 d after the treatments were applied, leaves were collected and placed into Petri dishes with a single S. frontalis adult. In the greenhouse experiments, Itea plants were placed into observation cages. Eight S. frontalis adults were released into each cage with an Itea plant. In the laboratory experiments, treatments associated with thiamethoxam and dinotefuran resulted in 100% mortality of S. frontalis adults after 72 h. In the greenhouse experiments, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, and acephate protected plants from S. frontalis adult feeding 7 d after applying the systemic insecticide treatments. Therefore, systemic insecticides can mitigate feeding damage caused by S. frontalis adults on nursery-grown plants.

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“…Insecticides with higher water solubilities tend to be more mobile within the plant. Therefore, the low solubility of imidacloprid may impede movement throughout plant tissues (Hale andShorey 1965, Tomlin 1994), particularly in woody plants as woody plant stems may inhibit the concentration of active ingredient that reaches and accumulates within plant leaves although this may vary depending on plant type, developmental stage, and the particular systemic insecticide (Cowles 2010). Both yellow sage and poinsettia develop woody tissue (Liberty Hyde Bailey Hortorium 1976), particularly later in the production cycle, which may delay the movement of imidacloprid throughout the plant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interactions of Light Intensity, Insecticide Concentration, and Time on the Efficacy of Systemic Insecticides in Suppressing Populations of the Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and the Citrus Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

Cloyd¹,

Williams

Byrne

et al. 2012

jnl. econ. entom.

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The impact of light intensity on the uptake and persistence of the systemic neonicotinoid insecticides, imidacloprid and dinotefuran, were evaluated in poinsettia (Euphorbia pulcherrima Willd.) and yellow sage (Lantana camara L.). Insecticide residues were measured in leaves sampled from the treated plants at four time intervals after treatment to determine the relationship between insecticide concentration and efÞcacy against two insect pests: sweetpotato whiteßy, Bemisia tabaci Gennadius, and the citrus mealybug, Planococcus citri Risso. The insecticides were evaluated at their respective label rate and at the comparable label rate of the other insecticide under two different light environments: ambient and shade. The uptake of dinotefuran into yellow sage was more rapid at both treatment rates than both rates of imidacloprid, resulting in higher percent mortality of whiteßy nymphs (89.8 Ð100) compared with imidacloprid (14.1Ð 89.2) across all 4 wk. Additionally, plants that received both rates of dinotefuran had fewer whiteßy pupae (Ͻ1.0) at week 4 compared with imidacloprid-treated plants (23.7Ð25.3). The uptake of dinotefuran into poinsettia plants was also more rapid and resulted in quicker and higher percent mortality of whiteßy nymphs (89.5Ð99.6) compared with imidacloprid (14.1Ð 89.2) across all 4 wk. However, despite efÞcient uptake, the efÞcacy of both systemic insecticides was less for citrus mealybug where percent mortality values were Ͻ50% among all the treatments across the 4 wk. The use of the two systemic insecticides evaluated in regards to pest management in horticultural cropping systems is discussed.

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Systemic Insecticides for the Control of Western Flower Thrips on Bulb Onions1

Cited by 7 publications

References 0 publications

Residue Reviews

Residue Reviews

Evaluation of Systemic Insecticides in Protecting Container-Grown Nursery Plants from Damage Caused by Field-Collected Populations of Redheaded Flea Beetle, Systena frontalis (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae), Adults

Interactions of Light Intensity, Insecticide Concentration, and Time on the Efficacy of Systemic Insecticides in Suppressing Populations of the Sweetpotato Whitefly (Hemiptera: Aleyrodidae) and the Citrus Mealybug (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae)

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