Systemic inflammation in COVID‐19 patients may induce various types of venous and arterial thrombosis: A systematic review

Tomerak, Sara; Khan, Safah; Almasri, Muna; Hussein, Rawan; Abdelati, Ali; Aly, Ahmed; Salameh, Mohammad; Aldien, Arwa Saed; Naveed, Hiba; El‐Shazly, Mohamed; Zakaria, Dalia

doi:10.1111/sji.13097

Cited by 28 publications

(26 citation statements)

References 156 publications

(603 reference statements)

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“…Previous discussion around COVID-19 vaccination has raised the question of whether or not vaccines to COVID-19 confer upon patients a hypercoagulable state [105][106][107]. We reviewed 4 reports (5 patients, 6 eyes) commenting on vascular events following COVID-19 vaccination.…”

Section: Vascularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective

et al. 2022

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Vaccination efforts as a mitigation strategy in the corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic are fully underway. A vital component of understanding the optimal clinical use of these vaccines is a thorough investigation of adverse events following vaccination. To date, some limited reports and reviews have discussed ocular adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination, but a systematic review detailing these reports with manifestations and clinical courses as well as proposed mechanisms has yet to be published. This comprehensive review one-year into vaccination efforts against COVID-19 is meant to furnish sound understanding for ophthalmologists and primary care physicians based on the existing body of clinical data. We discuss manifestations categorized into one of the following: eyelid, orbit, uveitis, retina, vascular, neuro-ophthalmology, ocular motility disorders, and other.

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Section: Vascularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective

et al. 2022

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“…It is well known that COVID-19 infection is associated with vascular thrombosis [ 13 ]. Hyperinflammation associated with infection has been hypothesized to contribute to contribute to many vascular complications, namely thrombosis.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adhered ECMO cannula in COVID-19 related severe acute respiratory failure

Kamalia

Carlson

Melamed

et al. 2022

J Cardiothorac Surg

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Background Crescent cannula adhesion in the setting of COVID-19 respiratory failure requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support is a novel complication. The objective of this case presentation is to highlight this rare complication and to explore potential predisposing factors and our management strategies. Case presentation We present the case of a 25 y.o. patient with COVID-19 respiratory failure requiring ECMO support for 16-days in which a 32 Fr crescent cannula became adherent to the SVC and proximal jugular vein. Attempts to remove the cannula at the bedside failed due to immobility of the cannula. Ultrasound of the right neck was unremarkable, so he was taken to the hybrid OR where both TEE and fluoroscopy were unrevealing. An upper sternotomy was performed, and the superior vena cava and proximal jugular vein were dissected revealing a 2 cm segment of the distal SVC and proximal jugular vein that was densely sclerosed and adherent to the cannula. The vessel was opened across the adherent area at the level of the innominate vein and the cannula was then able to be withdrawn. The patient suffered no ill effects and had an unremarkable recovery to discharge. Conclusions To date, there have been no reports of crescent cannula adhesion related complications. In patients with COVID-19 respiratory failure requiring ECMO, clinicians should be aware of widespread hypercoagulability and the potential of unprovoked, localized venous sclerosis and cannula adhesion. We report our technique of decannulation in the setting of cannula adhesion and hope that presentation will shed further light on this complication allowing clinicians to optimize patient care.

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“…A number of thrombotic events including PE have been reported to be more frequent in COVID-19 patients as a consequence of a hyper-inflammatory response [26]. However, the degree of severity has been observed to be variable depending on the patient profile.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pulmonary embolism at the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative cohort study from a tertiary level hospital in southern Spain

2022

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Several studies have been published showing a significant increase in thrombotic complications in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients, including acute pulmonary embolism (PE). However, there is significant variability regarding published data on the number of computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) orders to rule out PE, frequency and characteristics of PE, and other factors that could have magnified the actual incidence of PE. The aim of this work is to analyze these factors during the first year of the pandemic. A longitudinal retrospective observational study was designed comparing two cohorts (preCOVID and COVID) of patients for whom an emergency CTPA was requested to rule out PE at the emergency department of our institution. Information was collected regarding the number of CTPAs requested, patient demographics, presence and extension of PE, and radiological signs of right ventricle strain/pulmonary hypertension (RVS/PH). Univariate and bivariate analyses were performed, with stratification by time intervals according to different pandemic waves in the COVID cohort. A total of 1905 patients (530 in the pre-COVID cohort and 1375 in the COVID cohort), with a mean age of 68.3 years (standard deviation, 16.5) and 981 (51.5%) women were included. No significant differences were observed regarding the incidence of PE between both cohorts. In patients with PE, no significant differences regarding age or sex were found, but a significantly higher frequency of peripheral PE was observed in the COVID cohort (42.0% vs. 6.5%, p < 0.001). Regarding signs of RVS/PH, a lower degree of septal deviation and contrast reflux to the inferior vena cava was observed in the COVID cohort, but no significant differences were observed in the right-to-left ventricular ratio. For the COVID cohort, the distribution of central vs. peripheral PE was similar in patients without laboratory-confirmed COVID-19 infection. Finally, the analysis of signs of RVS/PH stratifying by pandemic waves showed a lower frequency of RVS/PH signs in the 2nd and 3rd pandemic waves. In conclusion, despite a significantly higher number of CTPAs were performed during the pandemic, the incidence of PE was similar to that of the pre-pandemic period. A higher number of peripheral PE and less radiological signs of RVS/PH were observed during the pandemic. These findings could be explained by an increased incidental detection of PE during the pandemic. Our study has some limitations, mainly derived from its retrospective and single-center nature, which should be overcome in future research.

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Systemic inflammation in COVID‐19 patients may induce various types of venous and arterial thrombosis: A systematic review

Cited by 28 publications

References 156 publications

Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective

Ocular Complications Following Vaccination for COVID-19: A One-Year Retrospective

Adhered ECMO cannula in COVID-19 related severe acute respiratory failure

Pulmonary embolism at the emergency department during the COVID-19 pandemic. A comparative cohort study from a tertiary level hospital in southern Spain

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