Systemic <i>Coxiella</i>-like Infection With Myocarditis and Hepatitis in an Eclectus Parrot (<i>Eclectus roratus</i>)

Vapniarsky, Natalia; Barr, B. C.; Murphy, Brian G

doi:10.1177/0300985811409251

Cited by 37 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 10 publications

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“…There are yet to be any reports of human or animal infections with Coxiella- like bacteria from ticks. However, avian infections of Coxiella -like bacteria have been reported even though there is no established link to ticks (Shivaprasad et al 2008, Vapniarsky et al 2012). Therefore, the potential of these Coxiella -like bacteria causing zoonotic infections merits further investigations.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella Detection in Ticks from Wildlife and Livestock in Malaysia

Khoo

Lim

Chen

et al. 2016

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Recent studies have shown that ticks harbor Coxiella-like bacteria, which are potentially tick-specific endosymbionts. We recently described the detection of Coxiella-like bacteria and possibly Coxiella burnetii in ticks found from rural areas in Malaysia. In the present study, we collected ticks, including Haemaphysalis bispinosa, Haemaphysalis hystricis, Dermacentor compactus, Dermacentor steini, and Amblyomma sp. from wildlife and domesticated goats from four different locations in Malaysia. Coxiella 16s rRNA genomic sequences were detected by PCR in 89% of ticks tested. Similarity analysis and phylogenetic analyses of the 16s rRNA and rpoB partial sequences were performed for 10 representative samples selected based on the tick species, sex, and location. The findings here suggested the presence of C. burnetii in two samples, each from D. steini and H. hystricis. The sequences of both samples clustered with published C. burnetii sequences. The remaining eight tick samples were shown to harbor 16s rRNA sequences of Coxiella-like bacteria, which clustered phylogenetically according to the respective tick host species. The findings presented here added to the growing evidence of the association between Coxiella-like bacteria and ticks across species and geographical boundaries. The importance of C. burnetii found in ticks in Malaysia warrants further investigation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Coxiella Detection in Ticks from Wildlife and Livestock in Malaysia

Khoo

Lim

Chen

et al. 2016

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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“…Rather, host-microbe relationships should be best described as a broad continuum, as intermediate states and transitions between states occur frequently. Several maternally-inherited tick symbionts are remarkable examples of this continuum, as recent literature has reported that certain symbionts may be transmitted to vertebrates following tick bite, as will be detailed further in this section (Shivaprasad et al, 2008; Woc-Colburn et al, 2008; Vapniarsky et al, 2012; Bazzocchi et al, 2013; Edouard et al, 2013; Angelakis et al, 2016; Seo et al, 2016a; Bonnet et al, 2017). Most importantly, some of these symbionts have the potential to opportunistically infect vertebrate hosts, including humans.…”

Section: Tick Symbionts Can Be Opportunistic Vertebrate Pathogensmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tick Microbiome: Why Non-pathogenic Microorganisms Matter in Tick Biology and Pathogen Transmission

Bonnet

Binetruy

Hernández-Jarguín

et al. 2017

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

305

349

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Ticks are among the most important vectors of pathogens affecting humans and other animals worldwide. They do not only carry pathogens however, as a diverse group of commensal and symbiotic microorganisms are also present in ticks. Unlike pathogens, their biology and their effect on ticks remain largely unexplored, and are in fact often neglected. Nonetheless, they can confer multiple detrimental, neutral, or beneficial effects to their tick hosts, and can play various roles in fitness, nutritional adaptation, development, reproduction, defense against environmental stress, and immunity. Non-pathogenic microorganisms may also play a role in driving transmission of tick-borne pathogens (TBP), with many potential implications for both human and animal health. In addition, the genetic proximity of some pathogens to mutualistic symbionts hosted by ticks is evident when studying phylogenies of several bacterial genera. The best examples are found within members of the Rickettsia, Francisella, and Coxiella genera: while in medical and veterinary research these bacteria are traditionally recognized as highly virulent vertebrate pathogens, it is now clear to evolutionary ecologists that many (if not most) Coxiella, Francisella, and Rickettsia bacteria are actually non-pathogenic microorganisms exhibiting alternative lifestyles as mutualistic ticks symbionts. Consequently, ticks represent a compelling yet challenging system in which to study microbiomes and microbial interactions, and to investigate the composition, functional, and ecological implications of bacterial communities. Ultimately, deciphering the relationships between tick microorganisms as well as tick symbiont interactions will garner invaluable information, which may aid in the future development of arthropod pest and vector-borne pathogen transmission control strategies.

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“…Birds are commonly infected with C. burnetii without apparent clinical signs, but in contrast show pathology when infected with Candidatus Coxiella avium, a pleomorphic Coxiella-like organism multiplying in macrophage vacuoles and leading to inflammation of liver, lung and spleen or systemic infection and death of the host (Shivaprasad et al 2008, Vapniarsky et al 2012. Further diversity amongst the genus has been described with reports of Coxiellalike organisms as endosymbionts among several species of ticks , with extremely high (close to 100%) infection frequency.…”

Section: Coxiella-like Organismsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Aspects for Detection ofCoxiella burnetii

Mori

Mertens

Cutler

et al. 2017

Vector-Borne and Zoonotic Diseases

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Abstract:Coxiella burnetii is a global distributed zoonotic γ-proteobacterium with an obligatory intracellular lifestyle. It is the causative agent of Q fever in humans and of coxiellosis amongst ruminants, albeit the agent is also detected in ticks, birds and various other mammalian species. Requirements for intracellular multiplication together with the necessity for biosafety level 3 facilities restrict the cultivation of C. burnetii to specialized laboratories. Development of a novel media formulation enabling axenic growth of C. burnetii has facilitated fundamental genetic studies. This review provides critical insights into direct diagnostic methods currently available for C. burnetii. It encompasses molecular detection methods, isolation and propagation of the bacteria and its genetic characterization. Differentiation of C. burnetii from Coxiella-like organisms is an essential diagnostic prerequisite, particularly when handling and analyzing ticks.

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Systemic Coxiella-like Infection With Myocarditis and Hepatitis in an Eclectus Parrot (Eclectus roratus)

Cited by 37 publications

References 10 publications

Coxiella Detection in Ticks from Wildlife and Livestock in Malaysia

Coxiella Detection in Ticks from Wildlife and Livestock in Malaysia

The Tick Microbiome: Why Non-pathogenic Microorganisms Matter in Tick Biology and Pathogen Transmission

Critical Aspects for Detection ofCoxiella burnetii

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