Systemic Herpesvirus and Morbillivirus Co-Infection in a Striped Dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba)

Soto, Sara; González, Beatriz; Willoughby, Kim; Maley, Madeleine; Olvera, Àlex; Kennedy, S.; Marco, Alberto; Domingo, Mariano

doi:10.1016/j.jcpa.2011.04.002

Cited by 34 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Although herpesviruses had been described in striped dolphins (Baker 1992;Soto et al 2012;Sierra et al 2014), genital herpesvirus infection in this species had not been recorded. Transmission of genital herpesvirus in cetaceans is likely to be sexual (van Elk et al 2009), as occurs in several herpesviral diseases of humans (Douglas and Kieff 1988) and animals (Kennedy and Miller 1993).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

HERPESVIRUS-ASSOCIATED GENITAL LESIONS IN A STRANDED STRIPED DOLPHIN (STENELLA COERULEOALBA) IN THE CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN

Sierra

Díaz‐Delgado

Arbelo

et al. 2015

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:An adult male striped dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba) stranded alive at Arico, Tenerife, Canary Islands, Spain. The dolphin died shortly after stranding, and a complete postmortem examination was performed. The most remarkable gross findings were two fleshy masses of approximately 1 cm diameter, near the tip of the penis. These masses were composed of hyperplastic epithelial cells with pigmentary incontinence. Ballooning degeneration and margination of chromatin was observed within the stratum corneum of the epidermis. A universal nested PCR assay that amplifies a conserved region within the polymerase gene of Herpesviridae was positive. The sequenced product was most closely related to a gammaherpesvirus that shared nucleotide identities of 93% with penile lesions from Atlantic and Mediterranean bottlenose dolphins (Tursiops truncatus). This similarity supports the hypothesis of sexual transmission between species.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 88%

HERPESVIRUS-ASSOCIATED GENITAL LESIONS IN A STRANDED STRIPED DOLPHIN (STENELLA COERULEOALBA) IN THE CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN

Sierra

Díaz‐Delgado

Arbelo

et al. 2015

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…7) was coinfected with CeMV, without typical herpesviral lesions (48)(49)(50). In addition, two different ␣-HV sequences were obtained from the skin samples from two dolphins with minimal lesions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, two different ␣-HV sequences were obtained from the skin samples from two dolphins with minimal lesions. A high association of herpesvirus infection with skin lesions has been described, varying from minimal oval rough and depressed areas to severe necrotizing dermatitis (50)(51)(52)(53).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Retrospective Study of Etiologic Agents Associated with Nonsuppurative Meningoencephalitis in Stranded Cetaceans in the Canary Islands

et al. 2014

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c Nineteen natural cases of etiologically undetermined encephalitides in free-ranging cetaceans were studied retrospectively. Histological examination of the brains revealed variable degrees of nonsuppurative encephalitis or meningoencephalitis, characterized predominantly by perivascular lymphohistiocytic infiltrates. A PCR assay was used on brain and other available tissues to detect the presence of morbillivirus, herpesvirus, West Nile virus, Toxoplasma gondii, and Brucella spp. In addition, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed on selected tissues to determine the presence of morbilliviral antigens. Six animals (5 striped dolphins and 1 common dolphin) showed IHC and/or molecular evidence of morbilliviral antigens and/or genomes, mainly in brain tissue. Conventional nested PCR detected herpesviral DNA in brain tissue samples from two striped dolphins. There was no evidence of West Nile virus, T. gondii, or Brucella spp. in any of the brain tissue samples examined. The information presented here increases the number of confirmed morbillivirus-positive cases within the Canarian archipelago from two previously reported cases to eight. Furthermore, a new nested-PCR method for the detection of morbillivirus is described here. Regarding herpesvirus, the phylogenetic analysis performed in the current study provides valuable information about a possible pathogenic branch of cetacean alphaherpesviruses that might be responsible for some fatal cases worldwide.

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“…DMV-affected cetaceans showed systemic infection with pathologic changes similar to those seen in the 1990 epizootic, characterised by bronchiolo-interstitial pneumonia, lymphoid depletion and non-suppurative encephalitis (Domingo et al 1992, Duignan et al 1992, Raga et al 2008, Soto et al 2011a. Secondary opportunistic infections, such as systemic toxoplasmosis, mycotic respiratory and brain infections, and herpesvirus infections (Domingo et al 1992, Bellière et al 2010, Soto et al 2011b were associated with the epizootics. In the follow-up to the 1990 epizootic, unusual forms of chronic DMV infection affecting only the central nervous system (CNS) were found in 5 of 27 (18.5%) striped dolphins submitted for necropsy between January 1991 and May 1994 from the Catalonian coast (Domingo et al 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post-epizootic chronic dolphin morbillivirus infection in Mediterranean striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba

Soto¹,

Alba²,

Ganges³

et al. 2011

Dis. Aquat. Org.

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Dolphin morbillivirus (DMV) has caused 2 epizootics with high mortality rates on the Spanish Mediterranean coast, in 1990 and 2006-07, mainly affecting striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba. Following the first epizootic unusual DMV infections affecting only the central nervous system of striped dolphins were found, with histological features similar to subacute sclerosing panencephalitis and old dog encephalitis, the chronic latent localised infections caused by defective forms of measles virus and canine distemper virus, respectively. Between 2008 and 2010, monitoring by microscopic and immunohistochemical (IHC) studies of 118 striped dolphins stranded along Catalonia, the Valencia Region and Andalusia showed similar localised DMV nervous system infections in 25.0, 28.6 and 27.4% of cases, respectively, with no significant differences among regions or sex. The body length of DMV-infected dolphins was statistically greater than that of non-infected dolphins (196.5 vs. 160.5 cm; p < 0.001). Molecular detection of DMV was performed by 2 different RT-PCR techniques amplifying a 429 bp fragment and a 78 bp fragment both within the phosphoprotein (P) gene. 96: 187-194, 2011

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Systemic Herpesvirus and Morbillivirus Co-Infection in a Striped Dolphin (Stenella coeruleoalba)

Cited by 34 publications

References 13 publications

HERPESVIRUS-ASSOCIATED GENITAL LESIONS IN A STRANDED STRIPED DOLPHIN (STENELLA COERULEOALBA) IN THE CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN

HERPESVIRUS-ASSOCIATED GENITAL LESIONS IN A STRANDED STRIPED DOLPHIN (STENELLA COERULEOALBA) IN THE CANARY ISLANDS, SPAIN

Retrospective Study of Etiologic Agents Associated with Nonsuppurative Meningoencephalitis in Stranded Cetaceans in the Canary Islands

Post-epizootic chronic dolphin morbillivirus infection in Mediterranean striped dolphins Stenella coeruleoalba

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