2003
DOI: 10.1183/09031936.03.00405703
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Systemic effects of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease

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Cited by 745 publications
(312 citation statements)
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References 190 publications
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“…Besides primary effects in the lung, COPD as a chronic disease has secondary effects on other systems including skeletal muscle. Specifically, COPD is characterized by skeletal muscle dysfunction and atrophy (Agusti et al, 2003;Wouters, 2005). Chronic hypoxaemia, a common physiopathological consequence of COPD, has been proposed as a potential contributor,…”
Section: Version Postprintmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Besides primary effects in the lung, COPD as a chronic disease has secondary effects on other systems including skeletal muscle. Specifically, COPD is characterized by skeletal muscle dysfunction and atrophy (Agusti et al, 2003;Wouters, 2005). Chronic hypoxaemia, a common physiopathological consequence of COPD, has been proposed as a potential contributor,…”
Section: Version Postprintmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Systemic inflammation in COPD may contribute to disease morbidity and progression, including extra-pulmonary manifestations [23]. In fact, patients with COPD who have evidence of elevated inflammatory biomarkers, including serum WBC, may have increased frequency of exacerbations and increased all-cause mortality despite having similar lung function impairment [24]. It remains poorly understood why the inflammation in COPD persists, even after the inciting cause is removed (e.g.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Системна запальна реакція або системне запалення розвивається з ранніх стадій захворювання, коли клінічні прояви мінімальні, або відсутні взагалі [7,18]. Підвищений рівень С-реак-тивного білка, що спостерігається в дослідженні, узгоджується з результатами ряду авторів [19,20]. Серед клітин, що беруть участь у реакції системно-го запалення, переважають альвеолярні макрофаги.…”
Section: обговорення результатів дослідженняunclassified