Systemic circulating inflammatory burden and periodontitis in adolescents

European J Oral Sciences

Nunes

et al. 2022

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In this study, we modeled the pathways in the association of socioeconomic status, frequency of added sugar consumption, and obesity in mother-child dyads with chronic oral disease burden in early childhood using structural equation modeling.A population-based study was conducted on preschoolers from public daycare centers in São Luís, Brazil (n = 674) and their mothers. Chronic oral disease burden in early childhood was a latent variable, representing the shared variance of the following indicators: visible plaque index, gingivitis, and dental caries. A higher consumption frequency of added sugars by children [standardized regression coefficient (SC) = 0.219] explained the chronic oral disease burden. A higher consumption frequency of added sugars by mothers was associated with greater consumption of sugar by children (SC = 0.236), and indirectly with a greater chronic oral disease burden (SC = 0.052). Maternal obesity was associated with obesity in the offspring (SC = 0.130). The chronic oral disease burden is already present in early childhood and can be explained by the higher consumption of added sugars by the mother-child dyad. Approaches to preventing chronic oral diseases should focus on common risk factors, start early in life, and promote family involvement in this process.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pathways in the association between added sugar consumption, obesity in mother‐child dyads, and chronic oral disease burden in early childhood

Silva

European J Oral Sciences

Nunes

et al. 2022

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“…Periodontitis is a dysbiotic oral disease characterized by host‐mediated inflammation, resulting in the loss of periodontal attachment and, consequently, marginal alveolar bone loss (Tonetti et al, 2018). Periodontitis and osteoporosis affect the bone tissues, manifesting as a continuum and accumulative destruction as the age advances (Kleerekoper, 1998; Ribeiro et al, 2021), sharing common causal factors such as poorer socio‐economic status, smoking, high alcohol consumption, and obesity (Reynolds, 2014; Weaver et al, 2016). There is large evidence on the association between low bone mass (osteopaenia/osteoporosis) and periodontitis, especially in older adults (Yoshihara et al, 2004) and in women in the climacteric period (Martínez‐Maestre et al, 2010; Penoni et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Low bone mineral density is associated with severe periodontitis at the end of the second decade of life: A population‐based study

J Clinic Periodontology

Ribeiro

Oliveira

et al. 2021

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Aim: To evaluate the association between low bone mineral density (BMD) and severe periodontitis at the end of the second decade of life.Materials and methods: This population-based study analysed 2032 youngers (18-19 years old) of the RPS cohort. BMD of lumbar spine (BMD-LS) and of the whole body (BMD-WB) were assessed by dual x-ray emission densitometry. Low BMD-LS (Z-score ≤ À2) and low BMD-WB (Z-score ≤ À1.5) were correlated with severe periodontitis. The extent of periodontal disease was also evaluated as the following outcomes: proportions of teeth affected by clinical attachment loss ≥5 mm and probing depth ≥5 mm. Multivariate models by sex, education, family income, risk of alcohol dependence, smoking, plaque, bleeding index, and body mass index were estimated through logistic regression (binary outcomes) and Poisson regression (continuous outcomes).Results: The prevalence of severe periodontitis was 10.97%. Low BMD-LS (odds ratio [OR] = 2.08, confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-3.85, p = .01) and low BMD-WB (OR = 1.34, CI = 1.001-1.81, p = .04) were associated with severe periodontitis in the final multivariate models. Low BMD-LS and BMD-WB were also associated with a greater extent of periodontitis (p < .05).Conclusions: Low BMD was found to be associated with the severity and extent of periodontitis in adolescents. Adolescents at peak bone mass age presenting low BMD are more likely to be affected by severe periodontitis.

“…In addition, different periodontal outcomes were used in this study. First, another latent variable determined on the basis of our data was employed as follows: moderate periodontitis, a latent variable deduced from the correlation between the number of teeth with PD ≥5 mm, number of teeth with CAL ≥5 mm, and number of teeth with BoP (Ribeiro et al, 2021). Finally, to check the consistency of our findings towards an established periodontal classification, we used the periodontitis definition according to the European Federation of Periodontology and the American Academy of Periodontology (EFP‐AAP), suggested at the World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri‐Implant Diseases and Conditions in 2017 (Tonetti et al, 2018).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Statistical Analysesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigating oral and systemic pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns to periodontitis in adolescents: A population‐based study

J Clinic Periodontology

Nascimento

Colins

et al. 2022

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Aim To investigate pathways between unhealthy and healthy dietary patterns and periodontitis in adolescents (18–19 years of age). Materials and Methods This population‐based study (n = 2515) modelled direct and mediated pathways (via biofilm and obesity) from patterns of healthy diet (fruits, fibre, vegetables, and dairy) and unhealthy diet (sugars, snacks, and salty/fast foods) with initial periodontitis (bleeding on probing [BoP], probing depth [PD] ≥ 4 mm, clinical attachment loss [CAL] ≥ 4 mm), moderate periodontitis (BoP, PD ≥ 5 mm, and CAL ≥ 5 mm), and European Federation of Periodontology and the American Academy of Periodontology (EFP‐AAP) periodontitis definitions, adjusting for sex, socio‐economic status, smoking, and alcohol, through structural equation modelling (α = 5%). Results Higher values of healthy diet were associated with lower values of initial periodontitis (standardized coefficient [SC] = −0.160; p < .001), moderate periodontitis (SC = −0.202; p < .001), and EFP‐AAP periodontitis (p < .05). A higher value of unhealthy diet was associated with higher values of initial periodontitis (SC = 0.134; p = .005) and moderate periodontitis (SC = 0.180; p < .001). Biofilm mediated the association between higher values of unhealthy diet and all periodontal outcomes (p < .05). Conclusions Our findings suggest that both healthy and unhealthy dietary patterns may contribute to reduced or increased extent and severity of periodontitis by local and systemic mechanisms, preceding the effect of other established causes such as smoking and obesity, in younger population.