Systemic Cardiovascular and Metabolic Effects Associated with the Inhalation of an Increased Dose of Albuterol

Systemic beta‐adrenoceptor responses to salbutamol given by metered‐ dose inhaler alone and with pear shaped spacer attachment: comparison of electrocardiographic, hypokalaemic and haemodynamic effects.

“…Direct systemic absorption from the buccal mucosa should avoid first-pass metabolism by sulphate conjugation (Walker et al, 1972;Morgan et al, 1986;Goldstein et al, 1987). Kung et al (1987) showed that mouth washing has no effect on systemic ,B-adrenoceptor responses to salbutamol 1 mg given by MDI. Furthermore, Collier et al (1980) found that tachycardia occurs when metered-dose salbutamol aerosol is given by the inhaled route, but not by mouth spraying.…”

Bronchodilator delivery with metered-dose inhalers in mechanically-ventilated patients

“…Therefore, routine use of catheters as nozzle extensions to deliver drugs by a MDI past the endotracheal tube should be discouraged until the issues described above have been resolved. When beta-agonists are administered in higher doses, a decrease in serum potassium levels should be anticipated [64], and the possibility of paradoxical bronchoconstriction following administration of ipratropium bromide should also be considered [65].…”

The pattern of risk of myocardial infarction in patients taking asthma medication: a study with the General Practice Research Database

“…Beta 2 -receptors are present in the myocardium where they mediate contraction [2]. Through this mechanism, beta 2 -agonists have been linked with tachycardia, an abnormal ECG and atrial fibrillation [3][4][5]. Several [6][7][8] but not all [9,10] observational studies have reported an increased risk of acute myocardial infarction (MI) in patients using beta 2 -agonists.…”