Systemic capillary leak syndrome after granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF)

Abstract

Capillary leak syndrome (CLS) commonly occurs in the intensive care setting. CLS is seen in conditions such as septic shock or may result from conditions such as multitrauma and pancreatitis, which result in the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). We present two cases in which both patients suffered with CLS, which we believe was caused following administration of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor, to our knowledge not described in the intensive care patient previously. We discuss how these patients management differs from other intensive care unit patients with CLS and how it is important to diagnose this condition early in haematological oncology cases.

SCT without growth factor in multiple myeloma: engraftment kinetics, bacteremia and hospitalization

“…6 The latest recommendations for the use of WBC growth factors continue to endorse their use in this setting. 7 Complications after the administration of granulocyte hematopoietic growth factors are rare, but acute respiratory distress syndrome 8 has been reported, as have allergic-type reactions 9 including dyspnea, wheezing and hypotension. Alveolar hemorrhages have been reported, and the engraftment syndrome, 10 related to a rapid increase in the leukocyte count, may occur.…”

Excessive fluid accumulation during stem cell mobilization: a novel prognostic factor of first-year survival after stem cell transplantation in AL amyloidosis patients

“…19 In severe cases, systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) can also develop. 18 There is some evidence to suggest that AL patients may be more prone to CLS/SIRS following growth factors. Gertz et al reported a case of fatal noncardiogenic pulmonary edema in an AL patient undergoing stem cell mobilization.…”

“…CLS can be seen after hematopoietic cell transplantation, especially if growth factors are used to accelerate engraftment. 18,19 Although cytotoxics are often thought to be important, they are by no means a prerequisite. 20 Most agree that CLS is the result of activation of proinflammatory cytokines.…”

A Case Report of Idiopathic Systemic Capillary Leak Syndrome That Occurred During the Postoperative Period of Abdominoperineal Resection for Colorectal Cancer

“…[3][4][5][6] Nakagawa et al reported high serum levels of G-CSF in a case of ISCLS. 7 Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression has also been reported to be a possible mediator of SCLS, although Lesterhuis et al reported that anti-VEGF therapy was not clinically effective on the therapy of ISCLS.…”