Systemic "Allergic" Vasculitis

Immune Complexes from Vasculitis Patients Bind to Endothelial Fc Receptors Independent of the Allelic Polymorphism of FcγRIIa

“…IgG2 is predominant IgG bound to the luminal surface of microvascular endothelial cells IgG2 is the predominant IgG subtype used for the neutralization of bacterial antigens (Bredius et al, 1993;Sanders et al, 1995). As epidemiologic data point towards an important role of bacterial infections for the development of LV (McCoombs, 1965;Ekenstam and Callen, 1984;Bonnefoy and Claudy, 1988), we postulated that IgG2 would be the predominant IgG subtype deposited within the vessel wall of vasculitis lesions. Having selected patients with a history of infection preceding the eruption of LV, we found IgG1 virtually absent, IgG2 deposition was predominant followed by IgG3 and IgG4 (Fig 3).…”

Cutaneous vasculitis: a review

“…With respect to disease mechanisms, the skin manifests a spectrum of vasculitides that reflect injury by circulating immune complexes, antiendothelial cell antibodies, and cell mediated immunity (CMI). Arthus type III reactions occur when antigen complexed to IgG or IgM activates the direct complement cascade sequence; a leukocytoclastic vasculitis (LCV) is the hallmark 1–4 . The type II immune mechanism is operative when antibodies directed against endothelial antigenic targets such as in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), dermatomyositis, scleroderma and Behcet's disease (BD) generate what is typically a pauci‐inflammatory thrombogenic vasculopathy and/or a lymphocytic vasculitis.…”

Canine Meningitis: A Changing Emphasis

“…Vasculitis confined to the central nervous system is uncommon but has been recognized in man.2s,26 Immunologic mechanisms are suspected in most cases of necrotizing vasculitis, since lesions similar to experimentally induced hypersensitivity angiitis are seen.21~22. [27][28][29][30] Vasculitis syndromes are commonly caused by the deposition of immune complexes in vessel ~a l l s .~* -~' Viral or bacterial antigens, drugs, connective tissue disorders such as SLE and RA, food allergens, and neoplastic processes have all been implicated in the development of immune complex disease. 15-1*~22~27~30-42 In addition, any mechanism inducing vascular injury may activate Hageman factor and the inflammatory complement and kinin cascades, resulting in v a s~u l i t i s .~~~~* The etiology of the CNS vasculitis in these dogs has not been determined.…”