Systemic Acquired Resistance in<i>Arabidopsis</i>Requires Salicylic Acid but Not Ethylene

Lawton, Kay A.; Weymann, Kris; Friedrich, Leslie; Vernooij, Bernard; Uknes, Scott; Ryals, John

doi:10.1094/mpmi-8-0863

Cited by 364 publications

(291 citation statements)

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“…The mutant alleles used for the construction of double mutants with pen3-1 were coi1-1 (Col-6 background [Feys et al, 1994]), npr1-1 (Cao et al, 1994), sid2-1 (Nawrath and Mé traux, 1999), pad4-1 (Glazebrook and Ausubel, 1994), eds1-1 (Ws-0 background [Parker et al, 1996]), Etr1-1 (Bleecker et al, 1988), jar1-1 (Staswick et al, 1992), edr1 (Frye and Innes, 1998), sgt1b-1 (Ler background [Peart et al, 2002]), rar1-10 (Ler background ), NahG (Lawton et al, 1995), pen1-1 (Collins et al, 2003), and pen2-3 (Lipka et al, 2005). All of the mutant lines, unless noted otherwise, were in the Col-0 background.…”

Section: Double Mutant Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArabidopsisPEN3/PDR8, an ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Contributes to Nonhost Resistance to Inappropriate Pathogens That Enter by Direct Penetration

et al. 2006

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Arabidopsis thaliana is a host to the powdery mildew Erysiphe cichoracearum and nonhost to Blumeria graminis f. sp hordei, the powdery mildew pathogenic on barley (Hordeum vulgare). Screening for Arabidopsis mutants deficient in resistance to barley powdery mildew identified PENETRATION3 (PEN3). pen3 plants permitted both increased invasion into epidermal cells and initiation of hyphae by B. g. hordei, suggesting that PEN3 contributes to defenses at the cell wall and intracellularly. pen3 mutants were compromised in resistance to the necrotroph Plectosphaerella cucumerina and to two additional inappropriate biotrophs, pea powdery mildew (Erysiphe pisi) and potato late blight (Phytophthora infestans). Unexpectedly, pen3 mutants were resistant to E. cichoracearum. This resistance was salicylic acid–dependent and correlated with chlorotic patches. Consistent with this observation, salicylic acid pathway genes were hyperinduced in pen3 relative to the wild type. The phenotypes conferred by pen3 result from the loss of function of PLEIOTROPIC DRUG RESISTANCE8 (PDR8), a highly expressed putative ATP binding cassette transporter. PEN3/PDR8 tagged with green fluorescent protein localized to the plasma membrane in uninfected cells. In infected leaves, the protein concentrated at infection sites. PEN3/PDR8 may be involved in exporting toxic materials to attempted invasion sites, and intracellular accumulation of these toxins in pen3 may secondarily activate the salicylic acid pathway.

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Section: Double Mutant Constructionmentioning

confidence: 99%

ArabidopsisPEN3/PDR8, an ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Contributes to Nonhost Resistance to Inappropriate Pathogens That Enter by Direct Penetration

et al. 2006

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“…For example, induced systemic resistance (ISR), which is triggered by nonpathogenic root-colonizing bacteria, is JA and ethylene dependent [16,17] and is independent of SA and PR-gene activation [18,19]. The JA response mutant jar1 and the ethylene response mutant etr1 lose ISR upon treatment with Pseudomonas fluorescens WCS417r, but remain normal level of pathogen-induced SAR [20,21], indicating that JA and ethylene responses are critical for the ISR-signaling pathway [22,23]. Analysis of signaling molecules involved in rhizobacteria-madiated ISR suggests that ISR might be associated with another pathogen-induced jasmonate and ethylene defense response, in which a subset of PR genes, such as PR3, PR4, and PR12, were co-regulated by jasmonate and ethylene [24,25].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

OsWRKY03, a rice transcriptional activator that functions in defense signaling pathway upstream of OsNPR1

et al. 2005

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WRKY family proteins are a class of plant specific transcription factors that involve in many stress response pathways. It has been shown that one Arabidopsis WRKY protein, AtWRKY29/22, is activated by MAP kinase signaling cascade and confers resistance to both bacterial and fungal pathogens. However, little is known about the biological roles of WRKY proteins in rice. In this study, we investigated the expression patterns of rice AtWRKY29/22 homolog, OsWRKY03, under different conditions, and also its possible role involved in plant defense. Our results showed that OsWRKY03 was up-regulated by several defense signaling molecules or different treatments. Further analysis revealed that the expression of OsWRKY03 was light dependent. Transcriptional activation activity of OsWRKY03 was also demonstrated by yeast functional assay. Transient expression of OsWRKY03-GFP fusion protein in onion epidermis cells showed that OsWRKY03 was a nuclear localized protein. OsNPR1 as well as several other pathogenesis-related genes, such as OsPR1b, phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (ZB8) and peroxidase (POX22.3), were induced in OsWRKY03-overexpressing transgenic plants. These results indicated that OsWRKY03 is located upstream of OsNPR1 as a transcriptional activator in salicylic acid (SA)-dependent or jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent defense signaling cascades.

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“…PR gene activation upon pathogen infection (Gaffney et al, 1993;Lawton et al, 1995;Zhou et al, 1998;Nawrath & Métraux, 1999). All together, this indicates that SA is a necessary intermediate in the SAR signalling pathway.…”

Section: U N C O R R E C T E D P R O O F Smentioning

confidence: 94%

Signalling Cascades Involved in Induced Resistance

Pieterse

Loon

2007

Induced Resistance for Plant Defence

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Systemic Acquired Resistance inArabidopsisRequires Salicylic Acid but Not Ethylene

Cited by 364 publications

References 0 publications

ArabidopsisPEN3/PDR8, an ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Contributes to Nonhost Resistance to Inappropriate Pathogens That Enter by Direct Penetration

ArabidopsisPEN3/PDR8, an ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Contributes to Nonhost Resistance to Inappropriate Pathogens That Enter by Direct Penetration

OsWRKY03, a rice transcriptional activator that functions in defense signaling pathway upstream of OsNPR1

Signalling Cascades Involved in Induced Resistance

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