Systemic acquired resistance activation in solanaceous crops as a management strategy against root‐knot nematodes

Molinari, S.

doi:10.1002/ps.4063

Cited by 31 publications

(21 citation statements)

References 31 publications

(89 reference statements)

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“…The application of SA, or chemicals with similar action, reduces nematode infection (e.g., Wubben et al, 2008;Nahar et al, 2011;Molinari et al, 2014;Kammerhofer et al, 2015;Molinari, 2016 ). In many cases, the effect is modest and has been explained by the capability of the nematodes to suppress the SA pathway (Sanz-Alférez et al, 2008;Barcala et al, 2010;Uehara et al, 2010;Ji et al, 2013;Shukla et al, 2018).…”

Section: Sa Activates Basal Defenses Against Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoparasitic Nematode Control of Plant Hormone Pathways

2018

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Section: Sa Activates Basal Defenses Against Nematodesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phytoparasitic Nematode Control of Plant Hormone Pathways

2018

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“…Such large use is increasingly being banned by European Union Directives, with the aim to reduce pesticide contamination of soils and food. Therefore, scientists are looking for alternative low-impact methods of nematode control, such as genetic and induced resistance, or the use of biocontrol agents [16, 17, 18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular signaling involved in immune system activation against root-knot nematodes by bio-control agents in tomato plants

Molinari

Leonetti

2019

Preprint

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13The expression of key defense genes was detected in roots and leaves of tomato 14 plants until the 12 th day after treatments with a mixture of beneficial bio-control agents 15 (BCAs), as soil-drenches. The expression of the same genes was monitored in pre-16 treated plants at the 3 rd and 7 th day since the inoculation with the root-knot nematode 17 Meloidogyne incognita. Genes dependent on SA-signaling, such as the Pathogenesis 18 Related Genes, PR1, PR3, and PR5, were systemically over-expressed at the earliest 19 stages of BCA-root interaction. BCA pre-treatment primed plants against root-knot 20 nematodes. The expression of PR-genes and of the gene encoding for the enzyme 1-21 aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) oxidase (ACO), which catalyzes the last 22 step of ethylene biosynthesis, was systemically enhanced after nematode inoculation 23 in primed plants. Defense related enzyme activities, such as endochitinase and 24 glucanase, were higher in roots of BCA-treated than in those of untreated plants, as 25 well. On the contrary, the expression of genes dependent on JA/ET-signaling, such as 26 Jasmonate Ethylene Response Factor 3 (JERF3), did not increase after nematode 27 inoculation in primed plants. The antioxidant system, as indicated by catalase gene 28 expression and ascorbate peroxidase activity, was repressed in infected colonized 29 roots. Therefore, Systemic Acquired Resistance (SAR), and not Induced Systemic30Resistance (ISR), is proposed as the molecular signaling that is activated by BCA 31 priming at the earliest stages of root-nematode interaction. Such BCA-induced 32 activation of the plant immune system did not directly act against nematode motile 33 juveniles penetrating and moving inside the roots. It resulted in a drastically decreased 34 number of sedentary individuals and, then, in an augmented ability of the plants to 35 contrast feeding site building by invasive juveniles. 37 Bio-control agents (BCAs) are beneficial soil-borne micro-organisms that 38 interact with roots and improve plant health. These root-associated mutualists 39 can be divided into three main groups: Bio-control Fungi (BCF), Arbuscular 40 Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF), and Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) 41 [1, 2]. BCF include the well-studiedTrichoderma spp.,a class of opportunistic 42 fungi that may colonize roots of most plants, reducing the infection of plant 43 pathogens and parasites and promoting positive responses in stressed plants. 44 AMF are obligate root symbionts, diffused in most of the soils, that improve 45 plant growth and can alleviate both abiotic and biotic plant stresses. Several 46 genera of the rhizosphere bacteria, such as Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., 47 and Streptomyces spp., can enhance plant growth and improve health. BCAs 48 can suppress pests and diseases by activation of plant immune system [1, 2, 3, 49 4, 5, 6]. 50 Immune response in plants is regulated by several low molecular weight 51 molecules known as phytohormones, i.e. salicylic ac...

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“…They offer the advantage that they can be combined with any agronomically desirable germplasm to stimulate plant defences in susceptible cultivars or, potentially, to broaden or enhance defences in resistant cultivars. Nematode infections on some crops, such as tomato, are inhibited by root drenches or foliar applications of certain plant activators, including dl ‐β‐amino‐ n ‐butyric acid (BABA), benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole‐7‐carbothionic acid‐ S ‐methyl ester (BTH or Actigard), 2,6‐dichloroisonicotinic acid (INA) and JAs (Cooper et al ., ; Molinari, ; Oka et al ., ; Vieira dos Santos et al ., ). The fact that Peps can induce plant defences when applied as a seed treatment offers several advantages over drenches or sprays, because seed treatments cut labour costs for application, reduce the amount of active ingredient required and allow for earlier protection during germination and establishment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plant elicitor peptides promote plant defences against nematodes in soybean

Lee

Huffaker

Crippen

et al. 2017

Molecular Plant Pathology

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Plant elicitor peptides (Peps) are widely distributed among angiosperms, and have been shown to amplify immune responses in multiple plant families. Here, we characterize three Peps from soybean (Glycine max) and describe their effects on plant defences against two damaging agricultural pests, the root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne incognita) and the soybean cyst nematode (Heterodera glycines). Seed treatments with exogenous GmPep1, GmPep2 or GmPep3 significantly reduced the reproduction of both nematodes. Pep treatment also protected plants from the inhibitory effects of root-knot nematodes on above-ground growth, and up-regulated basal expression levels of nematode-responsive defence genes. GmPep1 induced the expression of its propeptide precursor (GmPROPEP1), a nucleotide-binding site leucine-rich repeat protein (NBS-LRR), a pectin methylesterase inhibitor (PMEI), Respiratory Burst Oxidase Protein D (RBOHD) and the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in leaves. In addition, GmPep2 and GmPep3 seed treatments up-regulated RBOHD expression and ROS accumulation in roots and leaves. These results suggest that GmPeps activate plant defences through systemic transcriptional reprogramming and ROS signalling, and that Pep seed treatments represent a potential strategy for nematode management.

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Systemic acquired resistance activation in solanaceous crops as a management strategy against root‐knot nematodes

Abstract: SAR activators at concentrations suitable for different plant growth stages and applied by the proper method can possibly be included in IPM programmes for nematode management.

Cited by 31 publications

References 31 publications

Phytoparasitic Nematode Control of Plant Hormone Pathways

Phytoparasitic Nematode Control of Plant Hormone Pathways

Molecular signaling involved in immune system activation against root-knot nematodes by bio-control agents in tomato plants

Plant elicitor peptides promote plant defences against nematodes in soybean

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