Systematics of Morchella esculenta Complex Using Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

A review on research advances, issues, and perspectives of morels

“…Most of them were described from Europe, with only few described in Asia and USA. Due to insufficient microscopic characteristics and high levels of variability in form and color of ascocarps during different developmental stages (Du et al 2014), affected by ecological and climate factors, the species number in Morchella varies from 3 to 50 or more, which has caused confusing use of homonyms and synonyms (Bresinsky et al 1972; Gessner et al 1987; Volk and Leonard 1989; Jung et al 1993; Bunyard et al 1994, 1995; Kanwal et al 2011; Clowez 2012; Kuo et al 2012; Mortimer et al 2012; Richard et al 2014). …”

Phylogeny of the GenusAgaricusInferred from Restriction Analysis of Enzymatically Amplified Ribosomal DNA

“…Differences in geographic origin have been suggested in other cases where more variation was found between geographically isolated populations of a fungal species than between two distinct species (Bunyard et al, 1995(Bunyard et al, , 1994Jung et al, 1993;Yoon et al, 1990). Finally, polymorphisms and DNA heterogeneity implying high intraspecies diversity actually may predate the taxa.…”

“…It is also possible that different geographic locations or differences in environmental conditions can result in polymorphic appearances in nature. The possibility of environmental variation has led some authors to utilize DNA analysis (Bunyard et al, 1995(Bunyard et al, , 1994, immunological relationships (Jung et al, 1993), and allelic variation (Yoon et al, 1990) to confirm taxonomic placement based on morphological characters. Zervakis et al (1994) found much of the variability of Pleurotus spp.…”