Systematics of genus <i>Gnomoniopsis</i> (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) based on a three gene phylogeny, host associations and morphology

Walker, Donald M.; Castlebury, Lisa A.; Rossman, Amy Y.; Sogonov, M.V.; White, James F.

doi:10.3852/10-002

Cited by 57 publications

(62 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Nevertheless, this fungus, like S. pseudotuberosa, was not reported in previous investigations on endophytism in chestnut shoots carried out in Switzerland (Bissegger & Sieber 1994). Other fungi belonging to the Gnomoniopsis genus were also described as endophytic on Fagacae (Walker et al 2010). It is worth noting that isolation of Gnomoniopsis was not related to bark alteration (cankers or necrosis) and that no fructification was observed on bark tissue in the present study, while pycnidia were found on galls instead.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Brown rot on nuts of Castanea sativa Mill: an emerging disease and its causal agent

Maresi¹,

Longa²,

Turchetti³

2013

iForest

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The quality and quantity of nut production are fundamental to the economic viability of chestnut cultivation, yet recent reports indicate that severe damage due to moulds represents a significant problem for growers. We carried out an investigation of the agents of chestnut rot and internal fruit damage in three orchards in Italy. Black and brown rot, as well as insect damage, were found in all the areas examined. Brown rot appeared to be the main cause of damage, affecting 8% to 49% and 2% to 24% of nuts collected from the ground and from burrs, respectively. With respect to morphology and DNA sequencing analyses, fungal isolates obtained from brown rot were homologous with Gnomoniopsis sp. obtained from Dryocosmus kuriphilus (Yasumatsu) galls and with Gnomoniopsis castanea and Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi described on chestnut in Italy and Australia, respectively. The same fungus was also isolated from the bark of one- and two-years-old healthy shoots at each site, supporting the endophytic behaviour of this rot agent. Brown rot symptoms on nuts associated with Gnomoniopsis sp. corresponded with those previously described by several authors and referred to as Phoma or Phomopsis endogena, suggesting a relationship between these fungi and Gnomoniopsis sp. It is to notice that the escalation of brown rot damage in Italy followed several periods of drought and probably the recent invasion of D. kuriphilus, both stress factors for chestnut trees

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 68%

Brown rot on nuts of Castanea sativa Mill: an emerging disease and its causal agent

Maresi¹,

Longa²,

Turchetti³

2013

iForest

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“…Multi-gene phylogenetic analyses using β-tubulin, ITS, rpb2 and tef1-α genes showed G. smithogilvyi is most closely related to G. clavulata (CBS 121255) and G. paraclavulata (CBS 123202) (Shuttleworth 2012). Key morphological differences between G. smithogilvyi and the other two species include the aggregation of perithecia in host tissue ( G. smithogilvyi are single or in groups up to 25, G. clavulata and G. paraclavulata are recorded as single (Sogonov et al 2008)), perithecia of G. smithogilvyi are larger (mean) height and width than the other two species and perithecia of G. smithogilvyi have longer necks, ascospores of G. smithogilvyi are smaller than the other two species and the position of the septum in the ascospores is different ( G. smithogilvyi has a median septum, G. clavulata has a submedian septum (36 % of ascospore length), G. paraclavulata has a submedian septum (40 % of ascospore length); Walker et al 2010). The three species share the same host range, occurring on members of Fagaceae .…”

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confidence: 97%

Fungal Planet description sheets: 107–127

Crous¹,

Summerell²,

Shivas³

et al. 2012

persoonia

222

244

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Novel species of microfungi described in the present study include the following from Australia: Phytophthora amnicola from still water, Gnomoniopsis smithogilvyi from Castanea sp., Pseudoplagiostoma corymbiae from Corymbia sp., Diaporthe eucalyptorum from Eucalyptus sp., Sporisorium andrewmitchellii from Enneapogon aff. lindleyanus, Myrmecridium banksiae from Banksia, and Pilidiella wangiensis from Eucalyptus sp. Several species are also described from South Africa, namely: Gondwanamyces wingfieldii from Protea caffra, Montagnula aloes from Aloe sp., Diaporthe canthii from Canthium inerne, Phyllosticta ericarum from Erica gracilis, Coleophoma proteae from Protea caffra, Toxicocladosporium strelitziae from Strelitzia reginae, and Devriesia agapanthi from Agapanthus africanus. Other species include Phytophthora asparagi from Asparagus officinalis (USA), and Diaporthe passiflorae from Passiflora edulis (South America). Furthermore, novel genera of coelomycetes include Chrysocrypta corymbiae from Corymbia sp. (Australia), Trinosporium guianense, isolated as a contaminant (French Guiana), and Xenosonderhenia syzygii, from Syzygium cordatum (South Africa). Pseudopenidiella piceae from Picea abies (Czech Republic), and Phaeocercospora colophospermi from Colophospermum mopane (South Africa) represent novel genera of hyphomycetes. Morphological and culture characteristics along with ITS DNA barcodes are provided for all taxa.

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“…The three Neurospora species served as the root for all trees created, just as they did in the Xylariaceae phylogenetic studies conducted by Peláez et al (2008). This outgroup method was also used in the study by Walker et al (2010). Neurospora serves as an ideal outgroup, because they always cluster independently of Xylaria species (because they do not belong to the Xylariaceae family), yet still have deep evolutionary relationships with them (Cai et al 2005).…”

Section: Phylogenetic Treesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylaria Primers for Phylogenetic Reconstruction

Ly¹

2015

OURJ

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Xylaria is a genus of Ascomycete fungi that is comprised of an estimated 400 species. These species are important to the ecosystems in which they inhabit because they contribute to the decomposition of wood, which recycles lignin and cellulose. Though the morphological traits of this genus have been widely studied over the years, their molecular phylogenetics have not been extensively explored due to the historical unavailability of species genomes. Now that complete genomes have become available, there have been an increasing number of ribosomal Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS) sequence studies in recent years. However, ITS is too variable to consistently construct accurate phylogenetic trees, so Xylaria phylogeny is still being researched. This study explores the use of single-copy genes as an alternative to ITS methods. Here we present three primer pairs for different single-copy genes for use during future phylogenetic evaluation of Xylaria. These primers, Splicing Factor PRP43 F1054/R1691, MCM5 F409/R1059 and 40S Ripro S3Ae F47/R605, are more reliable than ITS sequences for deeper levels of analysis due to less variability in their sequences. This study focuses on Xylaria, while utilizing related species within in the Xylariaceae and Sordariaceae families, providing a promising start to the complete reconstruction of the Xylaria phylogenetic tree.

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Systematics of genus Gnomoniopsis (Gnomoniaceae, Diaporthales) based on a three gene phylogeny, host associations and morphology

Cited by 57 publications

References 24 publications

Brown rot on nuts of Castanea sativa Mill: an emerging disease and its causal agent

Brown rot on nuts of Castanea sativa Mill: an emerging disease and its causal agent

Fungal Planet description sheets: 107–127

Xylaria Primers for Phylogenetic Reconstruction

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