“…We found that the theoretical results can reproduce the experimental data of FOPI Collaboration [19]. Nuclear differential collective flows and nucleon collective flow differences are sensitive to the momentum-dependent symmetry potential.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 56%
“…Moreover, it is found that the QMD-like models can reproduce the collective flow data [19,48,62]. This allow us to extract the useful information on the symmetry energy.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Recently, the FOPI Collaboration has reported the collective flow data of protons, deuterons, and mass-three clusters [19]. Moreover, it is found that the QMD-like models can reproduce the collective flow data [19,48,62].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Contribution sources of the symmetry energy usually come from three parts, namely the kinetic energy part, density-dependent part, and momentum-dependent part. Until now, much of the theoretical research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and experimental data [7,9,[15][16][17][18][19] have been used to constrain the symmetry energy; for the recent reviews, see Refs. [21][22][23][24][25].…”
The dependence of the momentum-dependent symmetry potential on the nuclear collective flows produced in semicentral 197 Au + 197 Au collisions at incident energies from 250 to 800A MeV has been investigated within the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model. It is found that the theoretical results overestimate the values of the experimental data on directed flow of protons in the domain of large rapidities but can reproduce well the one of mass-three cluster. Neutron-proton differential flows and difference of neutron-proton collective flows are sensitive to the momentum-dependent symmetry potential, especially in the domain of larger rapidities and momenta. This sensitivity becomes stronger with increasing cut of the transverse velocity and becomes smaller with increasing incident energies.
“…We found that the theoretical results can reproduce the experimental data of FOPI Collaboration [19]. Nuclear differential collective flows and nucleon collective flow differences are sensitive to the momentum-dependent symmetry potential.…”
Section: Introductionsupporting
confidence: 56%
“…Moreover, it is found that the QMD-like models can reproduce the collective flow data [19,48,62]. This allow us to extract the useful information on the symmetry energy.…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 81%
“…Recently, the FOPI Collaboration has reported the collective flow data of protons, deuterons, and mass-three clusters [19]. Moreover, it is found that the QMD-like models can reproduce the collective flow data [19,48,62].…”
Section: Resultsmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Contribution sources of the symmetry energy usually come from three parts, namely the kinetic energy part, density-dependent part, and momentum-dependent part. Until now, much of the theoretical research [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14] and experimental data [7,9,[15][16][17][18][19] have been used to constrain the symmetry energy; for the recent reviews, see Refs. [21][22][23][24][25].…”
The dependence of the momentum-dependent symmetry potential on the nuclear collective flows produced in semicentral 197 Au + 197 Au collisions at incident energies from 250 to 800A MeV has been investigated within the isospin-dependent quantum molecular dynamics model. It is found that the theoretical results overestimate the values of the experimental data on directed flow of protons in the domain of large rapidities but can reproduce well the one of mass-three cluster. Neutron-proton differential flows and difference of neutron-proton collective flows are sensitive to the momentum-dependent symmetry potential, especially in the domain of larger rapidities and momenta. This sensitivity becomes stronger with increasing cut of the transverse velocity and becomes smaller with increasing incident energies.
“…In anticipation of these critical experiments, at least two time projection chambers (TPC) are being commissioned: the Active There already exist some data and corresponding transportmodel predictions for flow and pion ratio observables, but the available experimental and theoretical information is far from complete. The existing data (from the Kaos and FOPI collaborations at GSI) involve nucleon, light cluster, and pion observables measured mainly in Au+Au reactions at energies between 400 MeV and 1.5 GeV per nucleon [106,107]. These data were primarily obtained and analyzed for investigating the EOS of symmetric matter.…”
Section: B Heavy-ion Collisions At Higher Densitiesmentioning
The symmetry energy describes how the energy of nuclear matter rises as one goes away from equal numbers of neutrons and protons. This is very important to describe neutron rich matter in astrophysics. This article reviews our knowledge of the symmetry energy from theoretical calculations, nuclear structure measurements, heavy ion collisions, and astronomical observations. We then present a roadmap to make progress in areas of relevance to the symmetry energy that promotes collaboration between the astrophysics and the nuclear physics communities.
We present results from earthbound experiments on the equation of state of strongly interacting matter, which are relevant for neutron start and gravitational wave studies.
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