Systematics and taxonomy of the arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungi (Glomales)- a possible way forward

Walker, Christopher

doi:10.1051/agro:19921026

Cited by 136 publications

(69 citation statements)

References 16 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…Traditional studies on AMF diversity are based mainly on spore morphology (Walker, 1992), but taxonomic identification of AMF spores collected directly from the field is quite difficult because they are often unidentifiable due to degradation or parasitization by other organisms (Rousseau et al, 1996). Furthermore, as they are obligate symbionts, they cannot be cultivated in the absence of their host (De Souza and Berbara, 1999).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A DGGE-cloning method to characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal community structure in soil

Liang¹,

Drijber²,

Lee³

et al. 2008

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A DGGE-cloning method to characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal community structure in soil

Liang¹,

Drijber²,

Lee³

et al. 2008

Soil Biology and Biochemistry

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“…I axonomists nave described three Fungi iti the order Glomaies form arbuscular families, six genera and approx. ISO species, most of mycorrbizas, which are intimate symbioses with which are in the genus Glomus (Walker, 1992; plant root systems. They are associated with the Morton & Bentivenga, 1994).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Diversity of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers within and among isolates of Glomus mosseae and related mycorrhizal fungi

Lloyd-MacGilp

Chambers²,

Dodd³

et al. 1996

New Phytologist

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153

105

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SUMM.4RYThe internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the nuclear ribosomal RNA was amplified, cloned and sequenced from spores of five isolates of the arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae and one isolate each of G. fasciculatum, G. dimorphicum and G. coronatiim. The sequences comprised ITSl (113-121 base pairs), 5.SS rRNA gene (154 base pairs) and ITS2 (222-230 base pairs). The ITS sequences were at least 84% identical, but only distantly related to other published sequences. Their identification as Glomus sequences was confirmed by sequencing part of the adjoining SSU rRNA gene from one isolate; it was 98 °o identical to the published G. mosseae sequence. Two to four clones were sequenced from each isolate, and in many instances these were substantially different (up to 6 % divergence) even when they were obtained from a single spore. Sequences from a single isolate were generally, but not always, more similar to each other than to those from different isolates. In addition to base substitutions, many ITS sequences differed slightly in length because of the insertion or deletion of up to three nucleotides within short runs of a single base, generally A or T. These changes were found at 22 separate sites within the ITS, and were more common between than within isolates. Phylogenetic relationships deduced from length variation and from base substitution were similar. The variation among isolates from different continents (Europe, Asia, South America) was no greater than among those from a smaller geographic range. The ITSl and 2 sequences from G. coronatum were clearly distinct from the other isolates (11-16% divergence), but those of G. fasciculatum and G. dimorphicum fell w-ithin the range of variation exhibited by G. mosseae.

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“…The growing interest in AMs is witnessed by the remarkable number of recent reviews devoted to the taxonomic, genetic, structural and physiological aspects of AM fungi (Walker, 1992;Gianinazzi & Schuepp, 1994;Robson, Abbott & Malajczuk, 1994),…”

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confidence: 99%

Tansley Review No. 82. Strategies of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi when infecting host plants

1995

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summary Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi are ancient Zygomycetes, thought to have colonized the first land plants; today, they are associated with the roots of about 80% of plant species. The symbiosis they form is potentially valuable not only for developmental programmes based on low‐input agriculture, but also as a complex experimental model, where both fungal and host plant growth are regulated. Here we review some recent progress m the area of cell and molecular biology of arbuscular mycorrhizas. Particular attention is given to strategies followed by AM fungi when, as obligate biotrophs, they establish a successful symbiosis with their host plants. Four topics are analysed: (i) parameters controlling fungal growth in the absence and presence of the host root, Le. events of DNA replication and timing of the cell cycle; (ii) mechanical and enzymatic mechanisms which allow the fungus to colonize root tissues, maintaining host viability; (iii) morphological changes induced by AM fungus host cells and, in particular, the formation de novo of a subcellular compartment termed the interface, and (iv) modifications of plant gene expression during fungal colonization, including those involving structural, symbiotic and defence‐related genes.

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Systematics and taxonomy of the arbuscular endomycorrhizal fungi (Glomales)- a possible way forward

Cited by 136 publications

References 16 publications

A DGGE-cloning method to characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal community structure in soil

A DGGE-cloning method to characterize arbuscular mycorrhizal community structure in soil

Diversity of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacers within and among isolates of Glomus mosseae and related mycorrhizal fungi

Tansley Review No. 82. Strategies of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi when infecting host plants

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