Systematics and evolution of small genera of carnivorous plants

Cross, Adam T.; Paniw, Maria; Scatigna, André Vito; Kalfas, Nick; Anderson, Bruce; Givnish, Thomas J.; Fleischmann, Andreas

doi:10.1093/oso/9780198779841.003.0010

Cited by 13 publications

(34 citation statements)

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“…Despite little evidence of specific prey attraction cues in most Drosera (e.g. colour, nectar rewards or the production of volatiles; J€ urgens, El-Sayed & Suckling, 2009;Cross et al, 2018;Horner et al, 2018), they are clearly effective sessile predators capable of successfully trapping even quite large insects. Subsequently, they are likely to represent a considerable passive predation threat to invertebrates in habitats where they occur in large numbers.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Examples of such threats include conspecifics -anemones (Cnidaria) autotomize tentacles when entangled with those of neighbours (Purcell, 1977), commercial nets -crabs autotomizing limbs in commercial tangle-nets (Juanes & Smith, 1995), and other non-predatory entanglements (Emberts et al, 2017), but also true passive predators such as the webs of spiders, the traps of sit-and-wait predators such as ant lions and the trapping leaves of carnivorous plants. Many carnivorous plants are highly effective at trapping insect prey, particularly species from genera producing mucilaginous glandular appendages on leaf surfaces forming 'sticky' traps such Byblis (Byblidaceae), Drosera (Droseraceae), Drosophyllum (Drosophyllaceae), Pinguicula (Lentibulariaceae) and Roridula (Roridulaceae) (see for example Cross et al, 2018).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Drosera capture a wide spectra of prey ranging from small thrips to bees and even large dragonflies and lepidopterans (e.g. Murza, Heaver & Davis, 2006;Cross et al, 2018;Fleischmann et al, 2018;Fig. 1a,b).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How dangerous is a Drosera? Limb autotomy increases passive predation risk in crickets

Cross

Bateman

2018

Journal of Zoology

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Autotomy, the voluntary shedding of body parts, is a strategy employed by many organisms to evade predation and escape entanglement. Although this strategy may allow an individual to survive one threat encounter it can come at significant cost, with studies indicating that autotomized individuals exhibit reduced fitness and increased susceptibility to active predators. However, little is known about the interplay between autotomy state and passive predation risk. We explored this interaction experimentally using prey of different size and autotomy state (laboratory‐raised crickets) exposed to a sessile predator (the carnivorous plant Drosera collina). Data indicated a strong relationship between capture likelihood and autotomy state, with capture likelihood increasing from 6% in intact crickets (those retaining both hind legs) to 31% in single autotomized and 44% in double autotomized individuals. A weaker, though still strong, relationship was observed between capture likelihood and prey size, with smaller crickets (7–32 mg) paying a markedly greater cost for limb loss than larger crickets (100–280 mg). Capture likelihood for small crickets after single‐ or double‐autotomy was increased by 56 and 72% respectively compared to intact individuals, while this risk only increased by 2 and 13% respectively for large crickets. Our results further highlight the costs of autotomy to fitness and the long‐term survival of individuals, suggesting not only that this strategy may markedly increase the susceptibility of organisms to future passive predation but also that the cost is higher for earlier ontogenetic stages.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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How dangerous is a Drosera? Limb autotomy increases passive predation risk in crickets

Cross

Bateman

2018

Journal of Zoology

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“…The depth of seed dormancy (or the extent to which germination is inhibited in the absence of appropriate dormancy alleviation conditions) can vary considerably between families, genera, species, and within individuals (Thomas et al ; Langkamp ; Baskin & Baskin ; Barga et al ; Cross et al ; Seglias et al ). Species within the same family often possess different seed dormancy classes.…”

Section: Intra‐ and Inter‐specific Variation In Seed Dormancymentioning

confidence: 99%

Dormancy and germination: making every seed count in restoration

Kildisheva¹,

Dixon

Silveira

et al. 2020

Restoration Ecology

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113

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From 50 to 90% of wild plant species worldwide produce seeds that are dormant upon maturity, with specific dormancy traits driven by species' occurrence geography, growth form, and genetic factors. While dormancy is a beneficial adaptation for intact natural systems, it can limit plant recruitment in restoration scenarios because seeds may take several seasons to lose dormancy and consequently show low or erratic germination. During this time, seed predation, weed competition, soil erosion, and seed viability loss can lead to plant re‐establishment failure. Understanding and considering seed dormancy and germination traits in restoration planning are thus critical to ensuring effective seed management and seed use efficiency. There are five known dormancy classes (physiological, physical, combinational, morphological, and morphophysiological), each requiring specific cues to alleviate dormancy and enable germination. The dormancy status of a seed can be determined through a series of simple steps that account for initial seed quality and assess germination across a range of environmental conditions. In this article, we outline the steps of the dormancy classification process and the various corresponding methodologies for ex situ dormancy alleviation. We also highlight the importance of record‐keeping and reporting of seed accession information (e.g. geographic coordinates of the seed collection location, cleaning and quality information, storage conditions, and dormancy testing data) to ensure that these factors are adequately considered in restoration planning.

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“…The leaves emerging from its stems are tiny (1-7 mm in diam. ), peltate, and arranged in more or less regular rosettes with orbicular to reniform blades at, or slightly below, the soil surface (Taylor et al, 2000;Fritsch et al, 2007;Fleischmann, 2012;Pereira et al, 2012;Scatigna et al, 2015Scatigna et al, , 2017Cross et al, 2018). While the petioles are entirely subterranean, leaf blades are usually covered by a thin coating of sand grains which typically stick to the numerous capitate trichomes present on the adaxial leaf surface.…”

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confidence: 99%

1004. PHILCOXIA RHIZOMATOSA: Plantaginaceae: Gratioleae

Scatigna¹,

Fleischmann²

2021

Curtis's Botanical Magazine

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Philcoxia rhizomatosa is a highly specialised carnivorous perennial herb endemic to the deep, white quartzite sand pans of the campos rupestres vegetation of eastern Brazil's Espinhaço Range, specifically within the northern portion of the range in the state of Minas Gerais. Philcoxia is among the most threatened genera of carnivorous plants and thus far all attempts to cultivate them have failed.

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Systematics and evolution of small genera of carnivorous plants

Cited by 13 publications

References 0 publications

How dangerous is a Drosera? Limb autotomy increases passive predation risk in crickets

How dangerous is a Drosera? Limb autotomy increases passive predation risk in crickets

Dormancy and germination: making every seed count in restoration

1004. PHILCOXIA RHIZOMATOSA: Plantaginaceae: Gratioleae

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