Systematic Study of the<mml:math xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><mml:mmultiscripts><mml:mi>Sr</mml:mi><mml:mprescripts /><mml:none /><mml:mn>87</mml:mn></mml:mmultiscripts></mml:math>Clock Transition in an Optical Lattice

Ludlow, Andrew D.; Boyd, Martin M.; Zelevinsky, Tanya; Foreman, Seth M.; Blatt, Sebastian; Notcutt, M.; Ido, T.; Ye, Jun

doi:10.1103/physrevlett.96.033003

Cited by 187 publications

(146 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…From eq. (13), the term β (1) e is positive (because δ 0 >0), while all the other terms β (2,3,4) e are negative. As it follows from (13) and (15), in the case of linear polarization (ε=0) the term β (1) e becomes maximal, and β (3) e =0.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The crucial ingredient, for achieving such high metrological performance, is the existence of the magic wavelength λ m , at which the first-order (in intensity) light shift of the clock transition 1 S 0 → 3 P 0 cancels for alkaline-earth-like atoms (such as Mg, Ca, Sr, Yb, Zn, Cd). To date in several experiments cold atoms were trapped in optical lattices at the magic wavelength and the clock transition was observed [2,4,5,6]. From the metrological viewpoint even isotopes (with zero nuclear spin) are more attractive.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…where terms β (1,2) e are related to the resonance twophoton transitions (6s6p) 3 P 0 →(6s8p) 3 P 0,2 at the doubled magic frequency 2ω m , and β (3,4) e originate from the interaction of the level (6s6p) 3 P 0 with the other levels (6s6p) 3 P 1,2 of the same fine-structure manifold. The polarization dependencies for β (1,2) e are determined by P 0,2 (e), whereas for β (3,4) e are determined by Q 1,2 (e).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…The polarization dependencies for β (1,2) e are determined by P 0,2 (e), whereas for β (3,4) e are determined by Q 1,2 (e). Note that the resonance two-photon transition J=0→J=1 is forbidden in the dipole approximation [13] FIG.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…For example, since at the magic wavelength λ m the first-order shift vanishes, one of the main factors that limits the accuracy of these optical clocks is the second-order shift due to the atomic hyperpolarizability. Indeed, for the formation of optical lattices with the potential depth of order of MHz [2,4,5,6] it is necessary to use laser beams with the intensity at a level of a few tens of kW/cm 2 . According to our numerical estimates for different alkaline-earth-like atoms [8,9] and first experimental observations for Sr [6], the second-order shift can be at a level of 1-10 Hz in such high-intensity fields.…”

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Optical Lattice Polarization Effects on Hyperpolarizability of Atomic Clock Transitions

et al. 2006

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The light-induced frequency shift due to the hyperpolarizability (i.e. terms of second-order in intensity) is studied for a forbidden optical transition, J=0→J=0. A simple universal dependence on the field ellipticity is obtained. This result allows minimization of the second-order light shift with respect to the field polarization for optical lattices operating at a magic wavelength (at which the first-order shift vanishes). We show the possibility for the existence of a magic elliptical polarization, for which the second-order frequency shift vanishes. The optimal polarization of the lattice field can be either linear, circular or magic elliptical. The obtained results could improve the accuracy of lattice-based atomic clocks.PACS numbers: 42.50. Gy, 39.30.+w, 42.62.Fi, 42.62.Eh In recent years significant attention has been devoted to optical lattice atomic clocks [1,2], in part because the prospects for a fractional frequency uncertainty of such a clock could achieve of the level 10 −17 -10 −18 . Apart from obvious practical applications, such improved clocks will be critical for a variety of terrestrial and space-borne applications including improved tests of the basic laws of physics and searches for drifts in the fundamental constants [3]. The crucial ingredient, for achieving such high metrological performance, is the existence of the magic wavelength λ m , at which the first-order (in intensity) light shift of the clock transition 1 S 0 → 3 P 0 cancels for alkaline-earth-like atoms (such as Mg, Ca, Sr, Yb, Zn, Cd). To date in several experiments cold atoms were trapped in optical lattices at the magic wavelength and the clock transition was observed [2,4,5,6]. From the metrological viewpoint even isotopes (with zero nuclear spin) are more attractive. To excite strictly forbidden clock transitions in even isotopes the method of magnetic field-induced spectroscopy was proposed [7] and used [5].Obviously, the achievement of such an extraordinary accuracy in frequency standards is a challenging goal. On the way to this goal it will be necessary to use new approaches and to solve step-by-step the critical physical problems [2]. For example, since at the magic wavelength λ m the first-order shift vanishes, one of the main factors that limits the accuracy of these optical clocks is the second-order shift due to the atomic hyperpolarizability. Indeed, for the formation of optical lattices with the potential depth of order of MHz [2,4,5,6] it is necessary to use laser beams with the intensity at a level of a few tens of kW/cm 2 . According to our numerical estimates for different alkaline-earth-like atoms [8,9] and first experimental observations for Sr [6], the second-order shift can be at a level of 1-10 Hz in such high-intensity fields. In this case to get planned accuracy we need strictly to control the spatially non-uniform optical lattice fields at a level of 10 −3 -10 −5 under conditions of strong focusing, reflections and interference of light beams. Here apart from long-term stabilization of the lase...

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Optical Lattice Polarization Effects on Hyperpolarizability of Atomic Clock Transitions

et al. 2006

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Quantum Memory

Bashkansky¹,

Black²,

Kwolek³

et al. 2021

Wiley Encyclopedia of Electrical and Electronics Engineering

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Quantum Memory (QM) commonly refers to a system that reversibly transfers quantum states between a material storage system and a propagating electromagnetic field. It represents a key component in quantum information science and technology. Over the past 25 years, a wide range of theoretical protocols and experimental approaches to QM has been studied. These include optical delays, mechanical resonators, topological approaches, solid state spins, trapped single atoms and ions, and atomic ensembles. New applications of QM are being investigated and discovered all the time, including quantum computation, long‐distance entanglement distribution, quantum teleportation, and long‐distance quantum key distribution. Challenges to the implementation of QM include inefficiencies in storing and recovering the quantum state, and decoherence, which usually manifests by environment‐induced dephasing. In this monograph we describe, in general terms, methods and protocols that are used in many forms of QM. We also discuss the various experimental systems in which QM has been demonstrated or proposed. Additionally, we discuss the applications of QM that have been identified and progress made in implementing those applications.

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Highly Coherent Spectroscopy of Ultracold Atoms and Molecules in Optical Lattices

et al. 2008

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Cooling and trapping of neutral atoms using laser techniques has enabled extensive progress in precise, coherent spectroscopy. In particular, trapping ultracold atoms in optical lattices in a tight confinement regime allows us to perform high-resolution spectroscopy unaffected by atomic motion. We report on the recent developments of optical lattice atomic clocks that have led to optical spectroscopy coherent at the one second timescale. The lattice clock techniques also open a promising pathway toward trapped ultracold molecules and the possible precision measurement opportunities such molecules offer.

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Systematic Study of theSr87Clock Transition in an Optical Lattice

Cited by 187 publications

References 25 publications

Optical Lattice Polarization Effects on Hyperpolarizability of Atomic Clock Transitions

Optical Lattice Polarization Effects on Hyperpolarizability of Atomic Clock Transitions

Quantum Memory

Highly Coherent Spectroscopy of Ultracold Atoms and Molecules in Optical Lattices

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