“…The benefits of collaborative group work are valid and have been unequivocally proven by numerous empirical research (Chatterjee & Correia, 2020;Ghavifekr, 2020;Hautala & Schmidt, 2019;Kaendler et al, 2015;Kamala & Abdul Aziz, 2020;Ruys et al, 2014;Shi & Liu, 2013;Sofroniou & Poutos, 2016;Warsah et al, 2021), but the problem lies in the extent of its effectiveness given the limitations of ODL platforms where communication is impersonal, sometimes synchronous, at other times asynchronous, including being not too familiar with one's peers, one's English language proficiency which imposes inhibitions for fluent communication and overall anxiety of the entire course being conducted online. In encountering a shifting landscape, which is essentially different from pre-planned online courses, how does one manage collaborative learning with the current challenges?…”