Systematic review on the association of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents with cardio-metabolic risk factors

Kelishadi, Roya; Mirmoghtadaee, Parisa; Najafi, Hananeh; Keikha, Mojtaba

doi:10.4103/1735-1995.156179

Cited by 128 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 83 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In the present study, we observed that the ratio of waist-to-height circumference was significantly different among the two groups (p < 0.001). Several studies have found that surrogate AO indicators are independent risk factors for T2DM, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and coronary artery disease [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Distribution and Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Youth From Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates

Sharma,

Hassan,

Hamad

et al. 2023

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aim: The purpose of this study was to examine the distribution of cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among UAE University students. Methods: The present study employed a cross-sectional design to investigate the characteristics of a sample of young individuals aged 17-26 years. The participants were exclusively drawn from the student population of UAE University. Anthropometric measurements, including weight, height, blood pressure, and random blood collection, were conducted. The statistical methods employed for comparison included the Chi-square test, Fisher's exact test, and either the two-sample t-test or the Wilcoxon rank sum test. Logistic models, both adjusted and unadjusted, were utilized to evaluate the correlation between excessive body weight and various cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors (CMRFs). All P-values were calculated using a two-sided test, and a significance level of P < 0.05 was used to determine statistical significance. The statistical computing and graphics software R (version 4.2.2) was utilized to perform all data analyses. Results: Among the 269 individuals who took part in the study, a significant proportion of 55% (n=148) were identified as males. Additionally, 36% (n=97) of the participants reported having a family history of hypertension. It is worth noting that the total sample consisted of younger individuals, with a mean age of 19 years (standard deviation ±1.8). There was a significant association between overweight/obesity and male gender (p=0.003), as well as having a family history of heart attack (p=0.038), high lipid profile, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP). There was no observed correlation between a family history of hypertension and HbA1C levels in individuals with a non-normal weight. substantially elevated cardiometabolic risk variables, including systolic blood pressure (SBP) equal to or greater than 130 mmHg, diastolic blood pressure (DBP) equal to or greater than 80 mmHg, triglyceride (TG) levels equal to or greater than 150 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels equal to or less than 35 mg/dL, apolipoprotein B (Apo B) levels equal to or greater than 1.3 g/L, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels equal to or more than 1 mg/L, were observed to be substantially more prevalent in individuals with excess body weight compared to those with normal weight. Furthermore, the likelihood of having low HDL levels is observed to increase by 14% (Adjusted Odds Ratio = 1.14, 95% Confidence Interval [1.07 to 1.23]) among students who have extra body weight, while accounting for age and gender as controlling factors. Conclusions: Excess body weight, already in youth, was associated with increased CMRF, particularly high SBP and TG plus low HDL-C.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This entails exploring novel avenues to facilitate the alteration of detrimental behaviors. Alternatively, interventions can be implemented during intrauterine life to create a conducive environment for optimal fetal development [27].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Distribution and Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Youth From Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates

Sharma,

Hassan,

Hamad

et al. 2023

Cureus

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Despite limitations, BMI in children and adolescents has shown to be an accurate predictor of future health and disease outcomes (Kelishadi et al, 2015). Longitudinal studies have consistently demonstrated that higher BMI is correlated with metabolic and inflammatory diseases (Aarestrup & Koopmans, 2016;Twig et al, 2016;Zimmermann et al, 2017).…”

Section: Limitations and Future Directionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Elevated body mass index in youth is associated with dysregulated surrogate markers of neural inhibition & excitation, and internetwork functional dysconnectivity

Reichelt,

Daskalakis,

Cohen

et al. 2024

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

The developing child and adolescent brain is thought to have an increased vulnerability to the negative impact of obesity and excessive consumption of hyperpalatable and energy-rich foods. In this study, we investigated the neurophysiological effects of overweight and obesity in 30 participants spanning childhood and adolescence (8-19 years), using a naturalistic viewing paradigm with Inscapes, in a pseudo-resting-state protocol scan with magnetoencephalography (MEG). Subjects were median split on body mass indices (BMI), categorised into two groups comprising: lower <25 kg/m2 (n=15) and greater than or equal to 25 kg/m2 (n=15). We assessed spontaneous, regional neural function indexed by oscillatory activity, and functional connectivity within and between intrinsic resting brain networks, including the default mode network, dorsal and ventral attention, somatomotor, visual, language, central executive and salience networks. Elevated BMI was associated with significant reductions in activity of the posterior dominant rhythm, and gamma hyperactivity across widespread cortical areas, suggesting intrinsic neuronal hyperexcitability and disinhibition in children and adolescents. Additionally, we observed low-frequency theta hypoconnectivity between resting state networks including the salience, visual, and default mode networks, and overall reduced global efficiency in brain network structure, suggesting reduced effectiveness in neural communication. These findings underscore the neural impact of body composition on the developing brain, suggesting deleterious alterations in excitation and inhibition from surrogate neural markers associated with neurochemistry and brain networks linked with cognitive and behavioural functioning. These alterations may contribute to the persistent behavioural rigidity and difficulties in adopting healthier eating behaviours into adulthood.

show abstract

“…9,10 This was supported by a systematic review which concluded that the risk of cardiovascular risk factors increases simultaneously with the increase in central body fat deposition. 11 As such, body composition indices are known to be the best tools to define the risk of having MetS. Several international studies had established that body composition indices such as waist circumference (WC), waist-height ratio, the sum of four skinfolds, fat mass index (FMI) and fat free mass index were shown to have the high discriminatory ability (area under the curve (AUC) >0.7) in predicting MetS among adolescents.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Fat-to-lean mass ratio as a new anthropometric indicator in predicting metabolic syndrome among Malay adolescents in Terengganu, Malaysia

Lim

Wee

Mohamad

et al. 2022

Proceedings of Singapore Healthcare

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is defined as a cluster of risk factors for predicting type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. Objectives This cross-sectional study aimed to develop a cut-off value for fat versus lean mass ratio (FLMR) in predicting MetS and to investigate the association between this indicator with MetS and its components. Methods Subjects comprised 238 Malay adolescents (79% female) aged 18–19 years old. Anthropometric assessment comprised weight, height and waist circumference (WC). Body composition was measured using bioelectrical impedance analysis techniques while blood pressure was measured using a blood pressure monitor. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol , triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were determined from an overnight fasting blood sample. MetS was determined based on International Diabetes Federation (2007) definition for adolescents aged 16-year-old and above. Results The prevalence of MetS was 2.1%. Receiver Operating Characteristics curve analysis revealed that the optimal cut-off value for FLMR was 0.441 with an Area Under the Curve of 0.874 (95% CI: 0.825, 0.913); with sensitivity of 80.0% and specificity of 71.0%. FLMR cut-off of 0.441 was associated with high WC ( p < .001), low HDL-c ( p < .001) and MetS ( p < .05). Binary Logistic Regression analysis revealed that adolescents with high WC, low HDL-c and MetS had higher odds of developing increased FLMR than the cut-off value with an odds ratio (OR) of 43.4 (95% CI: 9.7,193.9), 4.7 (95% CI: 2.3,9.8) and 13.3 (95% CI: 1.5,121.2), respectively. Conclusion FLMR possesses fair discriminatory ability in identifying MetS among adolescents and significant association exists between FLMR and MetS and some of its components.

show abstract

Systematic review on the association of abdominal obesity in children and adolescents with cardio-metabolic risk factors

Cited by 128 publications

References 83 publications

Distribution and Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Youth From Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates

Distribution and Association of Cardiometabolic Risk Factors Among Youth From Al Ain City, United Arab Emirates

Elevated body mass index in youth is associated with dysregulated surrogate markers of neural inhibition & excitation, and internetwork functional dysconnectivity

Fat-to-lean mass ratio as a new anthropometric indicator in predicting metabolic syndrome among Malay adolescents in Terengganu, Malaysia

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About