Systematic Review of the Prognosis After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults: Cognitive, Psychiatric, and Mortality Outcomes: Results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis

Carroll, Linda; Cassidy, J. David; Cancelliere, Carol; Côté, Pierre; Hincapié, Cesar A.; Kristman, Vicki L.; Holm, Lena W.; Borg, Jörgen; Boussard, Catharina Nygren-de; Hartvigsen, Jan

doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2013.08.300

Cited by 318 publications

(245 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…Evidence also exists that MTBI is associated with a significant increase in the incidence of psychiatric disorders, and a three-fold increase in the risk for suicide. 35 The extrapolation of the effects of management of even MBTI influencing return to play policies in sport requires serious consideration, further investment and research. 36 The recent increased attention in the media and medical profession regarding the sequelae of MTBI, suggests the requirement of an expert neurological report including serial neurochemical markers (a 'neurobiological passport') prior to return-to-play in cases with clinical symptoms of impaired cognitive function and elevated post-concussive neurochemicals following MBTI, as a minimum.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should an increase in cerebral neurochemicals following head kicks in full contact karate influence return to play?

Graham¹,

Pates²,

Davies

et al. 2015

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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Background: Cerebral neurochemicals are markers of traumatic brain injury (TBI).Objectives: The aim of the study was to determine whether kicks to the head (KTH) in full contact karate significantly increased serum concentrations of protein S-100B, and neurone specific enolase (NSE). Kicks to the body (KTB) were also quantified to asses muscle tissue injury. Muscle damage was assessed by analysis of serum total creatine kinase (CK). Methods: Twenty-four full contact karate practitioners were observed and filmed during actual competition and divided into two main groups post event: (1) Kicks to the head and body group (KTH): n = 12; mean ± SD; age, 30.4 ± 6.7 years; height, 1.74 ± 0.1 m; weight, 79.1 ± 2.1 kg; and (2): Kicks to the body group (KTB): n = 12; mean ± SD; age, 28.2 ± 6.5 years; height, 1.75 ± 0.1 m; weight, 79.2 ± 1.7 kg. The KTH group received direct kicks to the head, while group KTB received kicks and punches to the body. Blood samples were taken before and immediately post-combat for analysis of serum S-100B, NSE, CK and cardiac troponin. Results: Significant increases in serum concentrations of S-100B (0.12 ± 0.17 vs. 0.37 ± 0.26, µg.L -1 ) and NSE (11.8 ± 4.1 vs. 20.2 ± 9.1 ng.mL -1 ) were encountered after combat in the KTH group and CK (123 ± 53 vs. 184 ± 103 U.L -1 ) in the KTB group (all P <0.05). Conclusions: Head kicks in full contact karate cause elevation of neurochemical markers associated with damaged brain tissue. The severity of injury is related to the early post-traumatic release of protein S-100B and NSE. The early kinetics and appearance post injury can reflect intracranial pathology, and suggest S-100B and NSE are extremely sensitive prognostic markers of TBI.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Should an increase in cerebral neurochemicals following head kicks in full contact karate influence return to play?

Graham¹,

Pates²,

Davies

et al. 2015

Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol

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“…5 Traumatic brain injury may result in long-term disability and is a major cause of death and disability. 6,7 The impacts of TBI are broad and diverse and may include behavioural changes and cognitive impairment. 7,8 Potential behavioural consequences of TBI, such as aggression and impulsivity, could increase propensity for involvement with criminal justice.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…6,7 The impacts of TBI are broad and diverse and may include behavioural changes and cognitive impairment. 7,8 Potential behavioural consequences of TBI, such as aggression and impulsivity, could increase propensity for involvement with criminal justice. [9][10][11][12] Some meta-analyses have shown that the lifetime prevalence of TBI is high among those in correctional facilities and may be substantially higher than the general population.…”

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confidence: 99%

Association between traumatic brain injury and incarceration: a population-based cohort study

et al. 2016

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Background:There is recent evidence to suggest that sustaining a traumatic brain injury (TBI) increases risk of criminal justice system involvement, including incarceration. The objective of this study was to explore the association between TBI and risk of incarceration among men and women in Ontario. Methods:We identified a cohort of 1.418 million young adults (aged 18-28 yr) on July 1, 1997, living in Ontario, Canada, from administrative health records; they were followed to Dec. 31, 2011. History of TBI was obtained from emergency and hospital records, and incarceration history was obtained from the Correctional Service of Canada records. We estimated the hazard of incarceration using Cox proportional hazard models, adjusting for relevant sociodemographic characteristics and medical history.Results: There were 3531 incarcerations over 18 297 508 person-years of follow-up. The incidence of incarceration was higher among participants with prior TBI compared with those without a prior TBI. In fully adjusted models, men and women who had sustained a TBI were about 2.5 times more likely to be incarcerated than men and women who had not sustained a TBI.Interpretation: Traumatic brain injury was associated with an increased risk of incarceration among men and women in Ontario. Our research highlights the importance of designing primary, secondary and tertiary prevention strategies to mitigate risk of TBI and incarceration in the population. Abstract ResearchResearch CMAJ OPEN CMAJ OPEN, 4(4) E747

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“…21,22 Studies frequently target the examination of the more accessible, more ''injured'' hospitalized patients, while excluding the evaluation of the concussed and ''walking wounded'' and their associated demographic and socioeconomic risk factors. Further, follow-up and comprehensive assessment of mTBI patients in the post-acute setting remains challenging and measures of PTSD symptomatology typically have not been included in standardized civilian outcomes batteries.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Screening for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in a Civilian Emergency Department Population with Traumatic Brain Injury

Haarbauer‐Krupa

Taylor

Yue

et al. 2017

Journal of Neurotrauma

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a condition associated with traumatic brain injury (TBI). While the importance of PTSD and TBI among military personnel is widely recognized, there is less awareness of PTSD associated with civilian TBI. We examined the incidence and factors associated with PTSD 6 months post-injury in a civilian emergency department population using measures from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke TBI Common Data Elements Outcome Battery. Participants with mild TBI (mTBI) from the Transforming Research and Clinical Knowledge in Traumatic Brain Injury Pilot study with complete 6-month outcome batteries (n = 280) were analyzed. Screening for PTSD symptoms was conducted using the PTSD Checklist-Civilian Version. Descriptive measures are summarized and predictors for PTSD were examined using logistic regression. Incidence of screening positive for PTSD was 26.8% at 6 months following mTBI. Screening positive for PTSD was significantly associated with concurrent functional disability, post-concussive and psychiatric symptomatology, decreased satisfaction with life, and decreased performance in visual processing and mental flexibility. Multi-variable regression showed injury mechanism of assault (odds ratio [OR] 3.59; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.69-7.63; p = 0.001) and prior psychiatric history (OR 2.56; 95% CI 1.42-4.61; p = 0.002) remained significant predictors of screening positive for PTSD, while education (per year OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.79-0.98; p = 0.021) was associated with decreased odds of PTSD. Standardized data collection and review of pre-injury education, psychiatric history, and injury mechanism during initial hospital presentation can aid in identifying patients with mTBI at risk for developing PTSD symptoms who may benefit from closer follow-up after initial injury care.

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Systematic Review of the Prognosis After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury in Adults: Cognitive, Psychiatric, and Mortality Outcomes: Results of the International Collaboration on Mild Traumatic Brain Injury Prognosis

Cited by 318 publications

References 32 publications

Should an increase in cerebral neurochemicals following head kicks in full contact karate influence return to play?

Should an increase in cerebral neurochemicals following head kicks in full contact karate influence return to play?

Association between traumatic brain injury and incarceration: a population-based cohort study

Screening for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in a Civilian Emergency Department Population with Traumatic Brain Injury

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