Systematic review of medication synchronization in community pharmacy practice

Patti, Michael; Renfro, Chelsea; Posey, Rachael; Wu, Gabrielle; Turner, Kea; Ferreri, Stefanie P.

doi:10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.11.008

Cited by 24 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…Effective implementation of medication synchronization core components within ABM is key to ensure that this program is effective. These components include the identification and enrollment of patients, inclusion of a medication review and patient assessment, the alignment of refills, a formal process for preparation of medications, and the delivery of medications and other services [7,30]. There is support in the literature for implementing a vaccination assessment program with ABM also.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Without proper management, nonadherence will continue to increase hospitalizations and raise costs in the health care system. This study contributes important data on pharmacy technicians, an understudied stakeholder whose perspectives are key to effectively implement patient care initiatives in a community pharmacy [7,30].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Medication synchronization is the alignment of a patient's medication refills to a single date each month. Other features can be added in conjunction, such as comprehensive medication reviews (CMRs) and delivery [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Appointment Based Model (ABM), one type of medication synchronization, is a patient care model where patients have one or two appointed days per month to pick up all medications [7]. The pharmacist performs additional patient care services, such as a comprehensive medication review (CMR), on that day to evaluate therapy and answer any questions or concerns from the patient [8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The medication synchronization component of ABM may be implemented by personnel at the patient's pharmacy, or via a call center that identifies appropriate patients to enroll and places medication orders into pharmacy workflow. These programs allow pharmacies to clarify medication regimens, for stakeholders to enable optimization of medications while improving predictability of workflow and workload [6][7][8][9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Exploring Pharmacy Technician Roles in the Implementation of an Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization Program

Renfro

Coulter

et al. 2020

Pharmacy

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The objective of this study was to qualitatively explore the role of pharmacy technicians in the implementation of an appointment-based model (ABM) medication synchronization program. The purposeful sampling of technicians working within six different locations of a supermarket chain pharmacy in Mississippi and Tennessee was carried out, and the technicians were interviewed between January and April 2018. A semi-structured interview guide was developed based on the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR). Questions gathered information around pharmacy technician demographics and CFIR domains (process, inner setting, outer setting and intervention characteristics). Interviews were audiotaped and transcribed. Two members of the research team performed thematic content analysis. Six full-time, certified pharmacy technicians with 8.3 ± 2.7 years of experience were interviewed. Findings suggest that including hands-on experience with program software is needed during training to successfully implement ABM. A barrier to implementation was the time needed to complete ABM tasks as compared to other tasks. Although some barriers exist regarding implementation, technicians believe that overall, this program has positive benefits for patients. Results from this study signify that ABM implementation can be challenging. Better ABM portal integration with the pharmacy patient profile and appropriate workforce budgeting are key to continued success.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Exploring Pharmacy Technician Roles in the Implementation of an Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization Program

Renfro

Coulter

et al. 2020

Pharmacy

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Qualitative analysis of a community pharmacy practice transformation initiative

Bacci

Ferreri

Coley

et al. 2022

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Objective To evaluate practice transformation team (PTT) members' perceptions of the Flip the Pharmacy (FtP) initiative as a strategy for implementing and improving community pharmacy‐based patient care. Methods FtP is a national 2‐year practice transformation initiative for implementing enhanced patient care and medication optimization services at community pharmacies, launched in 2019 with 28 PTTs including over 500 pharmacy locations. Key informant interviews were conducted with team leads, coaches, and pharmacy champions from four PTTs that participated in the first FtP cohort. The interviews were conducted using semistructured interview guides based on the RE‐AIM framework and focused on participants' experiences in the first year of FtP. Interviews were audio‐recorded, transcribed, and analyzed using a rapid content analysis approach. Results Four leads, 8 coaches, and 8 pharmacy champions were interviewed from 4 PTTs from May to October 2021 and resulted in 10 themes: (1) community pharmacy practice experience is important when selecting coaches; (2) team readiness supports successful pharmacy practice transformation; (3) measures of patient care quality are needed; (4) payment and practice transformation opportunities happen in parallel; (5) successful practice transformation requires strategic involvement of the entire pharmacy team; (6) FtP practice transformation domains are synergistic; (7) change packages, coaching, and performance monitoring are core practice transformation supports; (8) pharmacy teams value opportunities to share and learn from each other; (9) sustaining patient care services is continuous; and (10) COVID‐19 accelerated practice transformation while creating new stress points. Conclusion Participants in this study perceived the FtP initiative as a helpful strategy implementing and improving community pharmacy‐based patient care. Future research should explore the sustainability of the FtP initiative and similar community pharmacy practice transformation efforts.

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Systematic review of the impact of medication synchronization on healthcare utilization, economic, clinical, and humanistic outcomes

Waghmare

Lindsey

Reed³

et al. 2023

J Am Coll Clin Pharm

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Medication synchronization (med-sync) or appointment-based medication synchronization (ABMS) programs allow patients to have their chronic medication refills aligned to one pickup day. For patients on multiple chronic medications, it provides a more manageable way of picking up those medications. The objective of the study was to systematically characterize literature describing economic and healthcare utilization, clinical, and humanistic outcomes for patients enrolled in med-sync. A literature search was conducted on PubMed, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts (Ovid), CINAHL (EBSCO), EMBASE (Elsevier), and Cochrane Library. Studies were included if they were conducted at a pharmacy in the United States, between January 2008 and October 2022, and evaluated the impact of med-sync on at least one of the four outcomes of interest (utilization, economic, clinical, and humanistic).The title and abstracts were screened, followed by a full-text review and final data extraction by two researchers. A data extraction template and Cochrane risk of bias tool were used for data collection and quality assessments, respectively. The search resulted in 1617 studies and finally, 27 studies were included in the systematic review. All studies included patients enrolled in either ABMS, med-sync, or in conjunction with other pharmacy services. Across all studies evaluating medication adherence, proportion of days covered (PDC) increased. All studies that administered patient surveys showed a majority of patients were satisfied with their med-sync program. One study showed a reduction in healthcare utilization and costs, while another study indicated no change. Med-sync programs have shown clinical outcomes, specifically to improve adherence in patients taking chronic medications. In terms of humanistic outcomes, patient surveys have shown high rates of satisfaction with med-sync programs. Additional studies are needed to determine if med-sync can lead to improvements in healthcare utilization and cost outcomes.

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Systematic review of medication synchronization in community pharmacy practice

Cited by 24 publications

References 27 publications

Exploring Pharmacy Technician Roles in the Implementation of an Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization Program

Exploring Pharmacy Technician Roles in the Implementation of an Appointment-Based Medication Synchronization Program

Qualitative analysis of a community pharmacy practice transformation initiative

Systematic review of the impact of medication synchronization on healthcare utilization, economic, clinical, and humanistic outcomes

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