Systematic Review of Incidence, Prevalence, and Trends in Health Outcomes for Australian and New Zealand Paramedics

Sawyer, Simon; Cowlishaw, Sean; Kendrick, Kylie; Boyle, Malcolm; Dicker, Bridget; Lord, Bill

doi:10.1080/10903127.2022.2064019

Cited by 2 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 34 publications

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“…Furthermore, paramedics report time lost due to injuries which is seven times higher than all other occupations in Australia [27]. Although no monetary values have been established for the EFR population, Hillman et al [28] reported that Australia's total workplace injuries resulting from sleep deprivation, which runs rampant across EFRs [29,30], are estimated to cost roughly AUD 300 million annually. Considering this, sleep deprivation is just one contributor to occupational fatigue [31] and other contributors may exist that play a role in cognitive and physical fatigue within EFRs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupation-Induced Fatigue and Impacts on Emergency First Responders: A Systematic Review

Marvin,

Schram,

Orr

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Fatigue in emergency first responders (EFRs) is known to affect performance abilities and safety outcomes for both patients and EFRs. The primary aim of this review was to determine the main contributors to occupation-induced fatigue in EFRs and its subsequent impacts. Following the PRIMSA checklist, academic databases (Medline, Embase, CINAHL, and SPORTDiscus) were searched using key terms with results subjected to inclusion and exclusion criteria. Populations of interest were firefighters, paramedics, or emergency call centre personnel. Of the 5633 records identified, 43 studies, which reported on 186 unique measures from a total population of 6373 participants, informed the review. Synthesis revealed fatigue was caused by lack of sleep during the shift and consistent poor sleep quality which negatively impacted cognitive function, alertness, and physical and mental health while increasing safety-compromising behaviours and injuries. Both subjective and objective assessments of fatigue are necessary for effective risk management in EFRs. EFRs that are consistently fatigued are at a greater risk of poor physical and mental health, reduced cognitive function, and increased injuries. No studies reported on fatigue in emergency call centre personnel, highlighting a literature gap. Funding was provided by the Australian Capital Territory Emergency Services Agency. Preregistration was filed in OSF: osf.io/26f3s.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Occupation-Induced Fatigue and Impacts on Emergency First Responders: A Systematic Review

Marvin,

Schram,

Orr

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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What is the prevalence of anabolic‐androgenic steroid use among women? A systematic review

Piatkowski,

Whiteside,

Robertson

et al. 2024

Addiction

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Background and aimEvidence suggests there has been an increase in anabolic‐androgenic steroid (AAS) use among women, driven by the evolving landscape of women's participation in sport. However, the extent of use is unknown. This systematic review aimed to estimate the prevalence of women's AAS use.MethodWe conducted a systematic review of peer‐reviewed articles in English, focusing on AAS use among women aged 18 and above. We excluded grey literature and studies that measured doping through some form of analysis (e.g. urine or hair). Searched databases were MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, SocINDEX, SPORTDiscus, Embase and Cochrane Library. Titles and abstracts for all articles were screened, followed by full‐text assessment and data extraction of included articles by multiple authors for accuracy. The pooled prevalence of lifetime use was determined using a random effects model and the risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute Prevalence Critical Appraisal Tool.ResultsBased on 18 studies, participant numbers averaged 669 per study (median = 189; range = 16 to 7051). The overall pooled AAS use prevalence was 4% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2–9%) with high heterogeneity overall (I2 = 95%). In the subgroup analysis, AAS use prevalence was 16.8% (95% CI = 11.0–24.9%, I2 = 44%) in the bodybuilder subgroup, 4.4% (95% CI = 1.2–15.1%, I2 = 93%) in athletes/recreational gym user subgroup, and 1.4% (95% CI = 0.4–4.7%, I2 = 96%) in the general population/other subgroup. Meta‐regression demonstrated significantly higher AAS use in bodybuilders compared with the other subgroup (P = 0.011).ConclusionAnabolic‐androgenic steroid use among women appears to be substantially higher among bodybuilders and athletes/recreational gym users than the general female population.

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Systematic Review of Incidence, Prevalence, and Trends in Health Outcomes for Australian and New Zealand Paramedics

Cited by 2 publications

References 34 publications

Occupation-Induced Fatigue and Impacts on Emergency First Responders: A Systematic Review

Occupation-Induced Fatigue and Impacts on Emergency First Responders: A Systematic Review

What is the prevalence of anabolic‐androgenic steroid use among women? A systematic review

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