Systematic Review of Human and Animal Evidence on the Role of Buckwheat Consumption on Gastrointestinal Health

Valido, Ezra; Stoyanov, Jivko; Gorreja, Frida; Stojic, Stevan; Niehot, Christa D.; Jong, Jessica C. Kiefte-de; Llanaj, Erand; Muka, Taulant; Glišić, Marija

doi:10.3390/nu15010001

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 69 publications

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“…The microbiota in the colon enable this process [42]. Small-sized phenolic molecules, which result from the colon's microbial conversion, are more easily absorbed than large-sized phenolic metabolites [43][44][45].…”

Section: Bioactivity Of Flavonoids Rutin and Quercetinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Crop of High Nutritional Quality and Health Maintenance Value: The Importance of Tartary Buckwheat Breeding

Kreft,

Golob,

Germ

2023

Agriculture

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Tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum (L.) Gaertn.), originating in the Himalayan area, is cultivated in central Asia and northern, central, and eastern Europe. Tartary buckwheat grain and sprouts are rich in flavonoid metabolites rutin and quercetin. The synthesis of flavonoids in plants is accelerated by UV-B solar radiation to protect the plants against radiation damage. During Tartary buckwheat food processing, a part of rutin is enzymatically converted to quercetin. Rutin and quercetin are able to pass the blood–brain barrier. Studies have investigated the effects of rutin and quercetin on blood flow to the brain, consequently bringing more nutrients and oxygen to the brain, and causing improved brain function. In addition to the impact on blood flow, rutin and quercetin have been shown to have antioxidative properties. The goals of breeding Tartary buckwheat are mainly to maintain and enhance the high nutritional quality. The goals could be reached via the breeding of Tartray buckwheat for larger cotyledons. Other main breeding efforts should be concentrated on the easy husking of the grain, the prevention of seed shattering, and the improvement in growth habits to obtain uniformity in grain ripening and a stable and high yield.

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Section: Bioactivity Of Flavonoids Rutin and Quercetinmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Crop of High Nutritional Quality and Health Maintenance Value: The Importance of Tartary Buckwheat Breeding

Kreft,

Golob,

Germ

2023

Agriculture

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“…Recent studies have indicated differences in microbiome composition between adults with SCI or with multiple sclerosis vs those without CNS injuries 6 – 8 . This imbalance is exacerbated by frequent antibiotic use, physical inactivity, and psychological stress, which collectively disrupt the gut microbiome and promote the growth of inflammation-associated organisms 4 , 9 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gut microbiome and inflammation among athletes in wheelchair in a crossover randomized pilot trial of probiotic and prebiotic interventions

Valido,

Capossela,

Glisic

et al. 2024

Sci Rep

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Disorders related to gut health are a significant cause of morbidity among athletes in wheelchair. This pilot feasibility trial aims to investigate whether probiotics compared to prebiotics can improve inflammatory status and gut microbiome composition in elite athletes in wheelchair. We conducted a 12-week, randomized, cross-over controlled trial involving 14 elite Swiss athletes in wheelchair. Participants were given a multispecies-multistrain probiotic or prebiotic (oat bran) daily for 4 weeks (Clinical trials.gov NCT04659408 09/12/2020). This was followed by a 4-week washout and then crossed over. Thirty inflammatory markers were assessed using bead-based multiplex immunoassays (LegendPlex) from serum samples. The gut microbiome was characterized via 16S rRNA sequencing of stool DNA samples. Statistical analyses were conducted using linear mixed-effect models (LMM). At baseline, most athletes (10/14) exhibited low levels of inflammation which associated with higher gut microbiome alpha diversity indices compared to those with high inflammation levels. The use of probiotic had higher decrease in 25 (83%) inflammatory markers measured compared to prebiotic use. Probiotic has the potential in lowering inflammation status and improving the gut microbiome diversity. The future trial should focus on having sufficient sample sizes, population with higher inflammation status, longer intervention exposure and use of differential abundance analysis.

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Dietary-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles as Bacterial Modulators: Beyond MicroRNAs

et al. 2023

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There is increasing evidence that food is an important factor that influences the composition of the gut microbiota. Usually, all the attention has been focused on nutrients such as lipids, proteins, vitamins, or polyphenols. However, a pivotal role in these processes has been linked to dietary-derived exosome-like nanoparticles (DELNs). While food macro- and micronutrient composition are largely well established, there is considerable interest in these DELNs and their cargoes. In this sense, traditionally, all the attention was focused on the proteins or miRNAs contained in these vesicles. However, it has been shown that DELNs would also carry other bioactive molecules with a key role in regulating biochemical pathways and/or interactions with the host’s gut microbiome affecting intracellular communication. Due to the scarce literature, it is necessary to compile the current knowledge about the antimicrobial capacity of DELNs and its possible molecular mechanisms that will serve as a starting point. For this reason, in this review, we highlight the impact of DENLs on different bacteria species modulating the host gut microbiota or antibacterial properties. It could be concluded that DELNs, isolated from both plant and animal foods, exert gut microbiota modulation. However, the presence of miRNA in the vesicle cargoes is not the only one responsible for this effect. Lipids present in the DELNs membrane or small molecules packed in may also be responsible for apoptosis signaling, inhibition, or growth promoters.

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Systematic Review of Human and Animal Evidence on the Role of Buckwheat Consumption on Gastrointestinal Health

Cited by 5 publications

References 69 publications

A Crop of High Nutritional Quality and Health Maintenance Value: The Importance of Tartary Buckwheat Breeding

A Crop of High Nutritional Quality and Health Maintenance Value: The Importance of Tartary Buckwheat Breeding

Gut microbiome and inflammation among athletes in wheelchair in a crossover randomized pilot trial of probiotic and prebiotic interventions

Dietary-Derived Exosome-like Nanoparticles as Bacterial Modulators: Beyond MicroRNAs

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