Systematic Review: Depression and Anxiety Prevalence in Bladder Cancer Patients

Abstract

Background:Depression affects more than 300 million people of all ages worldwide. In patients with cancer the reported prevalence is up to 24%.Objective:To systematically review the literature to report the prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients with bladder cancer (BC).Methods:Web of Science, MEDLINE/PubMed, and The Cochrane Library were searched between January and March 2018 using the terms “bladder carcinoma OR bladder cancer AND depression OR anxiety”.Results:Thirteen studies encompassing 1659 patients with BC were included. Six studies assessed depression prior and after treatment at 1, 6 and 12 months. Three were conducted in the US, one each in Turkey, Sweden/Egypt and China. Four studies showed a reduction of depression after radical cystectomy (RC) at 1, 6 and 12 months, respectively. Contrary, two studies showed no significant difference in depression between baseline and follow-up. Four studies investigated anxiety; they reported a slight reduction in anxiety score compared to baseline. Seven additional studies reported the prevalence of depression and anxiety (five studies) among patients with BC at a specific time-point. Studies were conducted in Sweden (2), Italy, Greece, US, China and Spain. Pretreatment depression rates ranged from 5.7 to 23.1% and post-treatment from 4.7 to 78%. Post-treatment anxiety rates ranged from 12.5 to 71.3%.Conclusions:The prevalence of reported depression and anxiety among BC patients is high with large geographic heterogeneity. Gender and geriatric specific screening and management for anxiety and depression should be implemented to alleviate suffering.

Effect of a patient education and rehabilitation program on anxiety, depression and quality of life in muscle invasive bladder cancer patients treated with adjuvant chemotherapy

“…[2] The current treatment for MIBC is cystectomy with pelvic lymph node dissection (if there is lymph node metastasis), and adjuvant chemotherapy is used to consolidate the treatment and prevent recurrence. [3,4] However, adjuvant chemotherapy often causes discomfort in patients that promotes the generation of anxiety and depression and reduces the quality of life of patients [5,6] In addition, mood disorders such as depression and cognitive impairment are reported to be strong contributors to suicide intension. [7] Therefore, it of great need to actively investigate in approaches that relief anxiety and depression in MIBC patients undergoing adjuvant chemotherapy.…”

Flexible cystoscopy can improve anxiety and subjective feelings of bladder cancer patients during follow-up.

“…The anxiety, depression and suicide rates are higher in BC patients compared to healthy people [ 18 ]. Up to 70% of BC patients have varying degrees of anxiety and depression according to the Vartolomei et al study [ 19 ]. Most studies focus on the impact of lifestyle changes after RC, and few studies have focused on patients with NMIBC.…”

Quality of life and anxiety in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a prospective study

“…The significant association of BC diagnosis and management with anxiety is validated by the reported depression and anxiety rate. In a recent meta-analysis, pooled postoperative depression and anxiety rates ranged at the levels of 4.7-78% and 12.5-71.3%, correspondingly (32). The long term duration of NMIBC treatment results to the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) syndrome (33).…”