Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy

Abstract

Background: The presented meta-analysis was developed in response to the publication of several studies addressing COVID-19 vaccines hesitancy. We aimed to identify the proportion of vaccine acceptance and rejection, and factors affecting vaccine hesitancy worldwide especially with the fast emergency approval of vaccines. Methods: Online database search was performed, and relevant studies were included with no language restriction. A meta-analysis was conducted using R software to obtain the random effect model of the pooled prevalence of vaccine acceptance and rejection. Egger regression test was performed to assess publication bias. Quality assessment was assessed using Newcastle-Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool. Results: Thirty-nine out of 12246 articles met the predefined inclusion criteria. All studies were cross-sectional designs. The pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy was 17% (95% CI: 14-20) while the pooled proportion of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance was 75% (95% CI: 71-79). The vaccine hesitancy and the vaccine acceptance showed high heterogeneity (I 2 =100%). Case fatality ratio and the number of reported cases had significant effect on the vaccine acceptance as the pooled proportion of vaccine acceptance increased by 39.95% (95% CI: 20.1-59.8) for each 1% increase in case fatality (P<0.0001) and decreased by 0.1% (95% CI: -0.2-0.01) for each 1000 reported case of COVID-19, P= 0.0183). Conclusion: Transparency in reporting the number of newly diagnosed COVID-19 cases and deaths is mandatory as these factors are the main determinants of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance.

COVID‐19 vaccine acceptance among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta‐analysis

“…Previous studies conducted in the general population have shown variable rates of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy globally, but generally fairly large rates in different regions of the world [11,12]. According to a Center for Disease Control and Prevention report released in October 2022, 68.2% of the world population received at least one dose of the vaccine and a suboptimal proportion of the world population has been fully vaccinated [13].…”

Prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in students: A global systematic review

“…6 Worldwide, the low vaccine uptake intention or hesitancy towards a particular vaccine has been recognized the most common phenomenon among the student groups in previous vaccination programs such as for influenza vaccination, [7][8][9][10][11] human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccination, [12][13][14][15][16] hepatitis B vaccinations, 17,18 pertussis vaccinations, 19 HIV vaccinations, 20 measles vaccinations, 21 and now COVID-19 vaccinations. 22 In context of current COVID-19 pandemic, most of the review studies on vaccine hesitancy were conducted by analyzing the general population sample [23][24][25][26][27][28][29] and few emphasized the regional locations. [30][31][32] Although a study attempted to illustrate the COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among health care student trainees; 33 there is lack of evidence that concentrated to assess COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the students globally.…”

Challenges of Accepting COVID-19 Vaccination Among Paramedical Students: A Qualitative Study

“…19 Aboelsaad et al also indicated that the difference in acceptance or non-acceptance of the vaccine is affected by the influence of the vaccine and its side effects. 20 In a study, Shekhar et al examined people's acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine and concluded that the possible side effects were the most common concern of people after vaccination. 15 In another study, Bono et al mentioned side effects as a factor of doubt in accepting the COVID-19 vaccine, 16 which is in line with the results of the present study.…”